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Current Obesity Reports

Published in:

01-12-2019 | Obesity | Metabolism (M Dalamaga, Section Editor)

The Role of Adipose Tissue and Adipokines in Sepsis: Inflammatory and Metabolic Considerations, and the Obesity Paradox

Authors: Irene Karampela, Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos, Maria Dalamaga

Published in: Current Obesity Reports | Issue 4/2019

Abstract

Purpose

Sepsis has become a global health problem with rising incidence and high mortality, creating a substantial social and economic burden. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcome, but reliable sepsis biomarkers are lacking. This review summarizes current evidence of the pathophysiological mechanisms linking adipose tissue to sepsis and presents experimental and clinical data on adipokines and sepsis along with important insights into the obesity paradox in sepsis survival.

Recent findings

Sepsis is characterized by significant alterations in circulating cytokines and adipokines, biologically active molecules produced by the adipose tissue, being implicated in metabolic and inflammatory processes. Although data are inconclusive regarding classic adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin, recent evidence have highlighted the striking elevation of resistin and visfatin in critical illness and sepsis as well as their association with sepsis severity and outcomes.

Summary

Given that inflammatory and metabolic pathways are involved in sepsis, studying adipokines presents an attractive, innovative, and promising research field that may provide more powerful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as novel therapeutic targets, empowering the therapeutic armamentarium for sepsis management in order to improve survival.

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Title: The Role of Adipose Tissue and Adipokines in Sepsis: Inflammatory and Metabolic Considerations, and the Obesity Paradox
Authors: Irene Karampela
Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos
Maria Dalamaga
Publication date: 01-12-2019
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Obesity
Obesity
Septicemia
Septicemia
Septic Shock
Published in: Current Obesity Reports / Issue 4/2019
Electronic ISSN: 2162-4968
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-019-00360-2

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