Neurology

Spinal CSF leak from a dural tear or CSF-venous fistula are known causes of spontaneous intracranial hypotension, but this is the first case caused by a primary CSF-lymphatic fistula unrelated to vascular malformation.

An extensive history of treatment-resistant migraine was eventually found to be a superficial aneurysm after the patient developed a painless lump in the left temporal region.

Diagnosis of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the CNS is challenging and often delayed. In these three cases with varied clinical presentations and radiological findings, diagnosis was suggested by novel CSF biomarkers.

Explore diagnosis and treatment of a 13-year-old previously healthy boy with febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection.

Optimal timing for testing brain death is challenging. It often involves repeated scanning, which can be time consuming, costly, and sometimes distressing for families. How can multimodal neuromonitoring help?

Diagnosing myasthenic crisis with atypical presentation is very challenging, especially in elderly patients who can present with isolated dysarthria, suggesting lacunar stroke.

Three cases demonstrating that SPH (in which recurrent core temperature is less than 35°) is not unusual in patients undergoing surgery for hypothalamic lesions.

Eagle’s syndrome – an elongated styloid process – is an unusual cause of carotid artery dissection. Endovascular intervention is rare but can rapidly restore hemodynamic compression and enable intracranial thrombectomy.

Co-presentation of aortic aneurysms and a shaggy aorta carry catastrophic risks of brain infarction and spinal cord injury. Follow the surgical approach taken in this high-risk case.

Tuberculous meningitis is difficult to diagnose due to varying presentations. In these pediatric cases, miliary meningeal nodules seen on brain MRIs were the first sign.

High-dose vitamin D successfully alleviated symptoms of myasthenia gravis in a patient with compromised levels following gastrectomy.

Malignant melanotic nerve sheath tumors are rare and highly aggressive. In this case MMNST was misdiagnosed as a benign vascular malformation, then recurred 7 months after resection.

A 38-year-old with B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia developed a brain abnormality, detected by CT scan on day 16 following CAR T-cell infusion. How would you assess and treat her?

A premature infant presented with extensive CNS injury from recurrent E. coli infection, requiring non-traditional methods to identify and clear the infection.

Subclavian artery stenting is safe and may be helpful in patients with cerebral perfusion deficiency caused by intractable acute carotid occlusion coexisting with subclavian steal.

Almost daily episodes of reduced responsiveness lasting up to an hour, with the patient slumped back in a chair but staying upright, indicated an under-recognised presentation of orthostatic hypotension.

After TBI, 10–20% of patients go on to develop progressive periarticular lamellar bone formation in extraskeletal tissues. This rare case involved significant pain and impaired motion in all four limbs.

Chimney endovascular aortic repair (using three chimney endografts) was successfully performed for a juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Cerebellar, hippocampal, and basal nuclei transient edema with restricted diffusion (CHANTER) syndrome is a rare disorder associated with opioid neurotoxicity and almost exclusively seen in adults.

A patient with type II respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed with RYR1-related myopathy, highlighting the importance of considering congenital myopathies in the differential diagnosis.