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Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology
Published in: Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology 2/2021

Open Access 01-06-2021 | Hepatic Encephalopathy | Liver (J Bajaj, Section Editor)

Metabolomics in Advanced Liver Disease

Authors: Noora Kano, Elizabeth J. Want, Mark J. W. McPhail

Published in: Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology | Issue 2/2021

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Abstract

Purpose of review

Cirrhosis is one of the most important global public health problems. Patients with cirrhosis risk progression to acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), associated with high mortality rates, and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Metabolomics could identify urgently required novel biomarkers to improve disease diagnosis, monitor progression, and identify therapies.

Recent findings

In this review, current metabolic studies in decompensated cirrhosis, ACLF, and HCC over the past 3 years are summarised. Over numerous metabolomics studies, in cirrhosis, common alterations in proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, bile acids, and microbial metabolites were identified. In ACLF, changes in metabolites related to energy metabolism, amino acids, lipids, bile acids, and microbial metabolites were reported. Amino acids, bile acids, free fatty acids, and phospholipids were identified as important metabolite classes for discrimination between cirrhosis and HCC.

Summary

Metabolomics can improve our understanding of advanced liver diseases and provide the basis of the future studies and therapeutic advancements.
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Metadata
Title
Metabolomics in Advanced Liver Disease
Authors
Noora Kano
Elizabeth J. Want
Mark J. W. McPhail
Publication date
01-06-2021
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology / Issue 2/2021
Print ISSN: 1092-8472
Electronic ISSN: 1534-309X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11938-021-00347-w

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