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Cancer and Metastasis Reviews
Published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews 2/2017

Open Access 01-06-2017

Beyond COX-1: the effects of aspirin on platelet biology and potential mechanisms of chemoprevention

Authors: Argentina Ornelas, Niki Zacharias-Millward, David G. Menter, Jennifer S. Davis, Lenard Lichtenberger, David Hawke, Ernest Hawk, Eduardo Vilar, Pratip Bhattacharya, Steven Millward

Published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews | Issue 2/2017

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Abstract

After more than a century, aspirin remains one of the most commonly used drugs in western medicine. Although mainly used for its anti-thrombotic, anti-pyretic, and analgesic properties, a multitude of clinical studies have provided convincing evidence that regular, low-dose aspirin use dramatically lowers the risk of cancer. These observations coincide with recent studies showing a functional relationship between platelets and tumors, suggesting that aspirin’s chemopreventive properties may result, in part, from direct modulation of platelet biology and biochemistry. Here, we present a review of the biochemistry and pharmacology of aspirin with particular emphasis on its cyclooxygenase-dependent and cyclooxygenase-independent effects in platelets. We also correlate the results of proteomic-based studies of aspirin acetylation in eukaryotic cells with recent developments in platelet proteomics to identify non-cyclooxygenase targets of aspirin-mediated acetylation in platelets that may play a role in its chemopreventive mechanism.
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Metadata
Title
Beyond COX-1: the effects of aspirin on platelet biology and potential mechanisms of chemoprevention
Authors
Argentina Ornelas
Niki Zacharias-Millward
David G. Menter
Jennifer S. Davis
Lenard Lichtenberger
David Hawke
Ernest Hawk
Eduardo Vilar
Pratip Bhattacharya
Steven Millward
Publication date
01-06-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Cancer and Metastasis Reviews / Issue 2/2017
Print ISSN: 0167-7659
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7233
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-017-9675-z

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