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01-04-2018 | Review

Gut Microbiota, Immune System, and Bone

Authors: P. D’Amelio, F. Sassi

Published in: Calcified Tissue International | Issue 4/2018

Abstract

The gut microbiota (GM) is the whole of commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic microorganisms living in our intestine. The GM–host interactions contribute to the maturation of the host immune system, modulating its systemic response. It is well documented that GM can interact with non-enteral cells such as immune cells, dendritic cells, and hepatocytes, producing molecules such as short-chain fatty acids, indole derivatives, polyamines, and secondary bile acid. The receptors for some of these molecules are expressed on immune cells, and modulate the differentiation of T effector and regulatory cells: this is the reason why dysbiosis is correlated with several autoimmune, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases. Due to the close interplay between immune and bone cells, GM has a central role in maintaining bone health and influences bone turnover and density. GM can improve bone health also increasing calcium absorption and modulating the production of gut serotonin, a molecule that interacts with bone cells and has been suggested to act as a bone mass regulator. Thus, GM manipulation by consumption of antibiotics, changes in dietary habits, and the use of pre- and probiotics may affect bone health. This review summarizes evidences on the influence of GM on immune system and on bone turnover and density and how GM manipulation may influence bone health.

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Title: Gut Microbiota, Immune System, and Bone
Authors: P. D’Amelio
F. Sassi
Publication date: 01-04-2018
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Calcified Tissue International / Issue 4/2018
Print ISSN: 0171-967X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0827
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-017-0331-y

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Gut Microbiota, Immune System, and Bone

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Other articles of this Issue 4/2018

Gut Microbiota and IGF-1

Advances in Probiotic Regulation of Bone and Mineral Metabolism

Microbiota and Bone Health: The Gut-Musculoskeletal Axis

Osteomicrobiology: A New Cross-Disciplinary Research Field

Prebiotics, Bone and Mineral Metabolism

Gut Microbiota and Host Juvenile Growth

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