Published in:
Open Access
01-12-2019 | Ulcerative Colitis | Review
Smoking and microbiome in oral, airway, gut and some systemic diseases
Authors:
Chunrong Huang, Guochao Shi
Published in:
Journal of Translational Medicine
|
Issue 1/2019
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Abstract
The human microbiome harbors a diverse array of microbes which establishes a mutually beneficial relation with the host in healthy conditions, however, the dynamic homeostasis is influenced by both host and environmental factors. Smoking contributes to modifications of the oral, lung and gut microbiome, leading to various diseases, such as periodontitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and cancers. However, the exact causal relationship between smoking and microbiome alteration remains to be further explored.