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Virology Journal
Published in: Virology Journal 1/2020

01-12-2020 | Herpes Virus | Review

Host shutoff activity of VHS and SOX-like proteins: role in viral survival and immune evasion

Authors: Tianqiong He, Mingshu Wang, Anchun Cheng, Qiao Yang, Ying Wu, Renyong Jia, Mafeng Liu, Dekang Zhu, Shun Chen, Shaqiu Zhang, Xin-Xin Zhao, Juan Huang, Di Sun, Sai Mao, Xuming Ou, Yin Wang, Zhiwen Xu, Zhengli Chen, Lin Zhu, Qihui Luo, Yunya Liu, Yanling Yu, Ling Zhang, Bin Tian, Leichang Pan, Mujeeb Ur Rehman, Xiaoyue Chen

Published in: Virology Journal | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Background

Host shutoff refers to the widespread downregulation of host gene expression and has emerged as a key process that facilitates the reallocation of cellular resources for viral replication and evasion of host antiviral immune responses.

Main body

The Herpesviridae family uses a number of proteins that are responsible for host shutoff by directly targeting messenger RNA (mRNA), including virion host shutoff (VHS) protein and the immediate-early regulatory protein ICP27 of herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1) and the SOX (shutoff and exonuclease) protein and its homologs in Gammaherpesvirinae subfamilies, although these proteins are not homologous. In this review, we highlight evidence that host shutoff is promoted by the VHS, ICP27 and SOX-like proteins and that they also contribute to immune evasion.

Conclusions

Further studies regarding the host shutoff proteins will not only contribute to provide new insights into the viral replication, expression and host immune evasion process, but also provide new molecular targets for the development of antiviral drugs and therapies.
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Metadata
Title
Host shutoff activity of VHS and SOX-like proteins: role in viral survival and immune evasion
Authors
Tianqiong He
Mingshu Wang
Anchun Cheng
Qiao Yang
Ying Wu
Renyong Jia
Mafeng Liu
Dekang Zhu
Shun Chen
Shaqiu Zhang
Xin-Xin Zhao
Juan Huang
Di Sun
Sai Mao
Xuming Ou
Yin Wang
Zhiwen Xu
Zhengli Chen
Lin Zhu
Qihui Luo
Yunya Liu
Yanling Yu
Ling Zhang
Bin Tian
Leichang Pan
Mujeeb Ur Rehman
Xiaoyue Chen
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Virology Journal / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1743-422X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-020-01336-8

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Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

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A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

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