Maxillofacial fractures may occur as isolated or as a part of polytrauma and may be associated with head and cervical injuries. Road traffic accidents are the most common cause followed by self-falls, assaults and sports injuries. Fractures of the …

Worldwide an estimated 1.6 million people are blind as a result of eye injuries and further 19 million have monocular blindness or low vision due to eye trauma [ 1 ]. Eye injuries in association with maxillofacial trauma are particularly important …

LeFort lines of fracture in the midface follow predictable paths with minimal variation. These represent inherent structural weaknesses of the craniofacial skeleton. A very unusual midface fracture is presented. This did not conform to the more …

Midface fractures, which are common in trauma patients [ 1 ], have various causes including falls and violence [ 2 ]. Falls are frequent causes of trauma, especially in older people, resulting in disability, morbidity, and increased health-care use …

Maxillofacial injuries are among the most common that present to the emergency department together with associated injuries to other systems, sometimes concomitantly with serious or life threatening injuries, the knowledge of which is essential …

The infraorbital foramen (IOF) is an important osseous opening in the maxillofacial area, from which infraorbital vessels and nerve (ION) emerge and spread in the facial area [ 2 , 5 , 24 ]. After exiting IOF, the ION divides into its terminal …

In severe trauma, maxillofacial injury occurs in approximately 5–33% of patients [ 1 – 3 ]. Road traffic accidents (RTA) are the primary cause of maxillofacial injuries especially in developing nations which account for 69.38% [ 4 ].

Unfavorable biological and biomechanical conditions that apply in edentulous patients with atrophic mandibular fractures make their treatment a challenge for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Advances of modern medicine have resulted in a …

Recently, the proportion of Asian females undergoing aesthetic facial treatments has increased [ 1 ]. Studies and reports on aesthetic treatments have been presented, and most have focused on Caucasians [ 2 , 3 ]. Ethnic origin and sex influence …

Trauma is defined as bodily injury resulting from an external force. It is the leading health problem that children are facing nowadays [ 1 ]. Children are more prone to craniofacial fracture due to greater cranial mass-to-body ratio (8:1). This …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an acute neurologic disorder with an important economic effect on health systems [ 1 ]. Mild TBI (mTBI) is the most common type of TBI and is defined by a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of ≥ 13, loss of consciousness …

The zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of temporal bone have a connection named zygomatic arch that represents the most protruding outline of the midface [ 1 ]. These structures are susceptible to traumatic fractures due to their prominence. In …