Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disease caused by absolute insulin deficiency due to the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic B-cells. Usually diagnosed in childhood or early adulthood, T1DM inevitably affects reproduction.

Recently, overweight and obesity in children and adolescents has become one of the global public health challenges [ 1 , 2 ]. It is estimated that the number of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents will reach 49.48 million by 2030 [ 3 …]. Obesity in childhood may contribute to the development of many chronic diseases in adulthood, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Additionally, obesity in childhood might also be associated with the risk of mortality in adulthood [

Signs of scurvy are non-specific and wide ranging, so vitamin C deficiency is often misdiagnosed. This is the first case of DVT caused by large pelvic subperiosteal hematomas in an autistic boy with severe dietary restriction.

A diagnosis of glycogen storage disease type IX is easy to overlook, but it should be considered in children presenting with unexplained hepatomegaly and elevated transaminase levels. Genetic analysis is vital for accurate diagnosis.

Pediatric pulmonary hypertension related to vitamin C deficiency can manifest in multiple ways, from mild symptoms to life-threatening episodes characterized by pulmonary hypertensive crises. This educational study looks at two pediatric cases. 

A 1-day-old neonate presented with respiratory distress and refractory metabolic acidosis, with an echo revealing severe pulmonary hypertension. A final diagnosis of PPH as a rare manifestation of methylmalonic acidemia was made. 

Diagnosing hypertension in childhood is necessary because it significantly correlates with hypertension and metabolic syndrome later in life [ 1 – 3 ]. The definition of hypertension in adults is based on the risk of cardiovascular disease, and the …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia and is often accompanied by obesity. Reports indicate that obesity is a promoter of T2DM and childhood-obesity increases the risk of T2DM in adulthood [ 1 …

Lipodystrophy syndromes are heterogeneous chronic rare diseases, characterized by anatomical and functional defects of adipose tissue resulting from genetic or acquired causes. Lipodystrophy syndromes present as systemic diseases with progressive …

As a transitional stage between childhood and adulthood [ 1 ], adolescence is a very essential period. Adolescents not only differ from adults in physiology, metabolic state, body shape, and organ maturity [ 2 ], but also in anthropometric indexes …

The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in most westernized countries, and in developing countries as gradually emerged, has increased dramatically. Notably, it has become one of the main public health problems worldwide over the past …