Over the past decades, the spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) has become a worldwide public health threat [ 1 ]. The spread of carbapenemase-encoding genes is associated both to horizontal transmission of mobile genetic …

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections [ 1 ]. Escherichia coli is the most common bacterium causing UTIs, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae [ 2 ]. Most studies on UTIs have been conducted on uropathogenic E.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important cause of diarrhea in children and travelers, especially in low- and middle-income countries. ETEC is a non-invasive gut pathogen colonizing the small intestinal wall before secreting …

Escherichia coli is a commensal in the human gut. Certain strains of E. coli can cause infections in humans, including urinary tract infections (UTI), intraabdominal infections, and bacteremia. E. coli is the leading cause of bacteremia, with a …

Mastitis is a common disease associated with dairy cattle and causes pathological alterations in the mammary gland tissue [ 1 ]. It is characterized by high economic losses because of high morbidity and impaired production [ 2 ]. Some studies …

Escherichia coli is a commensal bacterial species in the human gastrointestinal tract; however, it could be pathogenic and cause severe infections in intra and extra-intestinal sites. Uropathogenic E. coli accounts for 80–90% of urinary tract …

Effective disinfection is crucial for infection control as it helps to control potentially hazardous microorganisms, especially in laboratory environments. It is crucial to use validated decontamination protocols to effectively inactivate …

E. coli is a prominent fecal coliform facultative aerobic gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium. Pathogenic strains have evolved to cause human and animal diseases leading to human and animal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Furthermore, the …

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), classically defined by the triad of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury (AKI), is a heterogeneous group of diseases sharing thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) as its common …

Peritonitis can lead to sepsis, a life-threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host response to infection [ 1 – 3 ]. The beneficial innate immune response to infection can become harmful and cause sepsis when its local effects spread to …

Crohn’s disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with courses of ulceration, inflammation, and fibrosis in the intestine and digestive tract. CD is an intractable disease of unknown etiology that is more common among young people. The …

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) can infect sterile sites outside the gastrointestinal tract and cause a broad range of invasive diseases [ 1 ]. E. coli is the most common pathogen causing bloodstream infections (BSIs) in …

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant threat to global health [ 1 ]. In 2019 alone, AMR was estimated to be responsible for approximately 4.95 million deaths [ 2 ]. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae , among the leading pathogens …

Invasive Escherichia coli disease (IED) is a spectrum of disease states that resemble acute E. coli infection, encompassing urosepsis, bacteremia, meningitis, and peritonitis (among others), with potentially severe outcomes including sepsis and …

Extraintestinal urinary tract infections are mainly caused by uropathogenic strains of E. coli. UPECs are a heterogeneous group of strains possessing various genes associated with virulence traits. It was demonstrated that changes in the …