Nephrology

An extremely rare case of dermatomyositis concomitant with IgA nephropathy. Although the possibility of coincidental co-occurrence cannot be ruled out, it seems more likely that a common pathologic mechanism plays a role.

Common infections can trigger macrophage activation syndrome. This case of a 10-year-old girl developing MAS during the convalescence period after varicella highlights the complexities of MAS diagnosis.

This case highlights that extreme reactive thrombocytosis may be part of the initial presentation of microscopic polyangiitis, potentially serving as an early diagnostic clue in the context of systemic inflammation. 

Polyuria in pregnant women with Cushing syndrome can be due to hypercortisolism-induced AVP resistance and increased renal clearance. In this case, polyuria resolved postpartum and left adrenalectomy was performed.

A woman with abdominal pain was diagnosed with ureteral stones, but her pain persisted despite stent placement. A prior diagnosis of type 2 diabetes led to diabetic ketoacidosis being identified as the cause of the pain. 

Autosomal dominant hypocalcemia 1 and Bartter syndrome in a man with lifelong hypoparathyroidism contributed to worsened control of hypoparathyroidism during earlier tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia.

Patients with infective endocarditis and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity may present with symptoms and laboratory abnormalities suggestive of ANCA-associated vasculitis. A high index of suspicion is required when diagnosing such cases.

The diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus in this 15-year-old girl was delayed because she presented with gastrointestinal symptoms that occurred and receded concomitantly with her menstrual cycle.

Hypoparathyroidism-induced hypocalcemia accompanied by an interventricular septal dissecting aneurysm in a 45-year-old woman who presented with worsening paroxysmal chest tightness and palpitations.

A patient with primary central nervous system lymphoma receiving a high-dose methotrexate regimen developed capillary leak syndrome, which ultimately led to acute kidney injury. There should be a high suspicion for this rare but serious complication.

VEXAS syndrome is a recently identified genetic autoinflammatory disorder. This case highlights its under-recognized renal manifestations and underscores the need for heightened clinical suspicion and earlier intervention.

Severe sepsis and septic shock in the ICU typically present with metabolic acidosis. In this case, the atypical presentation of resistant hypokalemia and alkalosis led to a diagnosis of primary aldosteronism.

A unique case of bilateral retinal vasculitis as the initial manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. Recognizing the possibility of such atypical presentations allows clinicians to maintain a high index of suspicion for SLE.

A 10-year-old boy exhibited persistent pancytopenia following treatment for mucormycosis, with further diagnosis revealing AML. Septic shock soon followed, but was successfully managed with combined CRRT and CytoSorb therapy.

AIP can easily be overlooked in its early stages. When a patient presents with central, peripheral, or autonomic nervous system symptoms and common causes are ruled out, AIP should be considered.

Myocardial amyloidosis is often missed in the early stages. Understand the importance of multimodal imaging in diagnosing systemic AL amyloidosis, particularly when patients present with extra-cardiac symptoms.

A young woman diagnosed with minimal change nephrotic syndrome in childhood developed latent autoimmune diabetes in adults and Graves disease. HLA testing was performed to investigate her genetic background.

Reninoma should be considered in young people with hypokalemic hypertension when common causes have been excluded. Excision can cure hypertension and prevent morbidity and mortality.

A patient with pancreatogenic diabetes developed life-threatening euglycemic ketoacidosis following re-exposure to an SGLT2 inhibitor and alcohol excess. Early renal replacement therapy was successful.

A patient treated with carboplatin for stage I seminoma developed hematuria and acute kidney injury. It is crucial to recognize this rare but serious complication and start treatment promptly to prevent further kidney damage.