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Current HIV/AIDS Reports
Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports 5/2021

01-10-2021 | Myocardial Infarction | Complications of HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy (GA McComsey, Section Editor)

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Transgender People with HIV

Authors: Madeline Cetlin, Evelynne S. Fulda, Sarah M. Chu, Ole-Petter R. Hamnvik, Tonia Poteat, Markella V. Zanni, Mabel Toribio

Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports | Issue 5/2021

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Transgender individuals are at disproportionate risk for HIV infection, with prevalence rates highest among transgender women of color. Antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated people with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), in relation to persistent systemic immune activation and metabolic dysregulation. The purpose of this review is to examine parameters which may affect CVD risk among transgender PWH.

Recent Findings

Among transgender women and men, prospective longitudinal studies have shown that gender-affirming hormonal therapy (GAHT) is associated with select deleterious cardiometabolic effects such as increases in visceral adipose tissue. Retrospective studies among transgender women and men suggest an increase in CVD risk, such as venous thromboembolism, cerebrovascular accidents, and myocardial infarction. Studies among transgender PWH adhering to GAHT and ART suggest heightened systemic immune activation/inflammation.

Summary

Prospective longitudinal studies assessing factors associated with increased CVD events among transgender PWH are needed to guide the development of CVD prevention strategies in this at-risk population.
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Metadata
Title
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Transgender People with HIV
Authors
Madeline Cetlin
Evelynne S. Fulda
Sarah M. Chu
Ole-Petter R. Hamnvik
Tonia Poteat
Markella V. Zanni
Mabel Toribio
Publication date
01-10-2021
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current HIV/AIDS Reports / Issue 5/2021
Print ISSN: 1548-3568
Electronic ISSN: 1548-3576
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-021-00572-z

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