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Clinical and Translational Medicine
Published in: Clinical and Translational Medicine 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Review

Lipidomics and anti-trypanosomatid chemotherapy

Authors: Michael Biagiotti, Sedelia Dominguez, Nader Yamout, Rachel Zufferey

Published in: Clinical and Translational Medicine | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

Trypanosomatids such as Leishmania, Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi belong to the order Kinetoplastida and are the source of many significant human and animal diseases. Current treatment is unsatisfactory and is compromised by the rising appearance of drug resistant parasites. Novel and more effective chemotherapeutics are urgently needed to treat and prevent these devastating diseases, which relies on the identification of essential, parasite specific targets that are absent in the host. Lipids constitute essential components of the cell and carry out multiple critical functions from building blocks of biological membranes to regulatory roles in signal transduction, organellar biogenesis, energy storage, and virulence. The recent technological advances of lipidomics has facilitated the broadening of our knowledge in the field of cellular lipid content, structure, functions, and metabolic pathways.

Main body

This review highlights the application of lipidomics (i) in the characterization of the lipidome of kinetoplastid parasites or of their subcellular structure(s), (ii) in the identification of unique lipid species or metabolic pathways that can be targeted for novel drug therapies, (iii) as an analytic tool to gain a deeper insight into the roles of specific enzymes in lipid metabolism using genetically modified microorganisms, and (iv) in deciphering the mechanism of action of anti-microbial drugs on lipid metabolism. Lastly, an outlook stating where the field is evolving is presented.

Conclusion

Lipidomics has contributed to the expanding knowledge related to lipid metabolism, mechanism of drug action and resistance, and pathogen–host interaction of trypanosomatids, which provides a solid basis for the development of better anti-parasitic pharmaceuticals.
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Metadata
Title
Lipidomics and anti-trypanosomatid chemotherapy
Authors
Michael Biagiotti
Sedelia Dominguez
Nader Yamout
Rachel Zufferey
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Clinical and Translational Medicine / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2001-1326
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40169-017-0160-7

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