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01-12-2022 | Metastasis | Review

Roles and clinical application of exosomal circRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors

Authors: Dong Ye, Mengdan Gong, Yongqin Deng, Shuai Fang, Yujie Cao, Yizhen Xiang, Zhisen Shen

Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

Exosomes are microvesicles secreted by cells. They contain a variety of bioactive substances with important roles in intercellular communication. Circular RNA (circRNA), a type of nucleic acid molecule found in exosomes, forms a covalently bonded closed loop without 5′ caps or 3′ poly(A) tails. It is structurally stable, widely distributed, and tissue specific. CircRNAs mainly act as microRNA sponges and have important regulatory roles in gene expression; they are superior to other non-coding RNAs as molecular diagnostic markers and drug treatment targets. Exosomal-derived circRNAs in the body fluids of tumor patients can modulate tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. They can be used as effective biomarkers for early non-invasive diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of tumors, and also represent ideal targets for early precision therapeutic intervention. This review provides a theoretical basis for exploring the applications of exosomal circRNAs in malignant tumor diagnosis and treatment. We describe the biological functions of exosomal circRNAs in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, their potential utility in diagnosis and treatment, and possible mechanisms.

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Title: Roles and clinical application of exosomal circRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors
Authors: Dong Ye
Mengdan Gong
Yongqin Deng
Shuai Fang
Yujie Cao
Yizhen Xiang
Zhisen Shen
Publication date: 01-12-2022
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Metastasis
Gastric Cancer
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Gastric Cancer
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal Cancer
Biomarkers
Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 1479-5876
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-022-03367-x

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