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01-03-2022 | Lupus Nephritis | Review

The innate immune system in human kidney inflammaging

Authors: Vincenzo Sepe, Carmelo Libetta, Marilena Gregorini, Teresa Rampino

Published in: Journal of Nephrology | Issue 2/2022

Abstract

Elderly individuals with chronic disorders tend to develop inflammaging, a condition associated with elevated levels of blood inflammatory markers, and increased susceptibility to chronic disease progression. Native and adaptive immunity are both involved in immune system senescence, kidney fibrosis and aging. The innate immune system is characterized by a limited number of receptors, constantly challenged by self and non-self stimuli. Circulating and kidney resident myeloid and lymphoid cells are all equipped with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Recent reports on PRRs show kidney overexpression of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in inflammaging autoimmune renal diseases, vasculitis, acute kidney injury and kidney transplant rejection. TLR upregulation leads to proinflammatory cytokine induction, fibrosis, and chronic kidney disease progression. TLR2 blockade in a murine model of renal ischemia reperfusion injury prevented the escape of natural killer cells and neutrophils by inflammaging kidney injury. Tumor necrosis factor-α blockade in endothelial cells with senescence-associated secretory phenotype significantly reduced interleukin-6 release. These findings should encourage experimental and translational clinical trials aimed at modulating renal inflammaging by native immunity blockade.

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Title: The innate immune system in human kidney inflammaging
Authors: Vincenzo Sepe
Carmelo Libetta
Marilena Gregorini
Teresa Rampino
Publication date: 01-03-2022
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Keywords: Lupus Nephritis
Acute Kidney Injury
COVID-19
Chronic Kidney Disease
Acute Kidney Injury
Published in: Journal of Nephrology / Issue 2/2022
Print ISSN: 1121-8428
Electronic ISSN: 1724-6059
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40620-021-01153-4

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The innate immune system in human kidney inflammaging

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