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Current HIV/AIDS Reports
Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports 4/2017

01-08-2017 | Central Nervous System and Cognition (SS Spudich, Section Editor)

Differentiating HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders From Alzheimer’s Disease: an Emerging Issue in Geriatric NeuroHIV

Authors: Benedetta Milanini, Victor Valcour

Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports | Issue 4/2017

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The purpose of this review was to examine characteristics that may distinguish HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) from early Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Recent Findings

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers are perturbed in HIV, yet these alterations may be limited to settings of advanced dementia or unsuppressed plasma HIV RNA. Neuropsychological testing will require extensive batteries to maximize utility. Structural imaging is limited for early AD detection in the setting of HIV, but proper studies are absent. While positron-emission tomography (PET) amyloid imaging has altered the landscape of differential diagnosis for age-associated neurodegenerative disorders, costs are prohibitive.

Summary

Risk for delayed AD diagnosis in the aging HIV-infected population is now among the most pressing issues in geriatric neuroHIV. While clinical, imaging, and biomarker characterizations of AD are extensively defined, fewer data define characteristics of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder in the setting of suppressed plasma HIV RNA. Data needed to inform the phenotype of AD in the setting of HIV are equally few.
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Metadata
Title
Differentiating HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders From Alzheimer’s Disease: an Emerging Issue in Geriatric NeuroHIV
Authors
Benedetta Milanini
Victor Valcour
Publication date
01-08-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current HIV/AIDS Reports / Issue 4/2017
Print ISSN: 1548-3568
Electronic ISSN: 1548-3576
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-017-0361-0

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