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Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
Published in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports 12/2017

01-12-2017 | Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (W Dolen, Section Editor)

Risk Factors in Preschool Children for Predicting Asthma During the Preschool Age and the Early School Age: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Authors: Yixia Bao, Zhimin Chen, Enmei Liu, Li Xiang, Deyu Zhao, Jianguo Hong

Published in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports | Issue 12/2017

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The aim of this study was to identify risk factors of asthma among children < 6 years old (preschool age) for predicting asthma during the preschool age and early school age (≤ 10 years of age).

Method of the study

MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases were searched until June 30, 2017. Prospective or retrospective cohort and case-control studies were included. Studies had to have evaluated risk factors or a predictive model for developing asthma in children ≤ 6 years of age or persistent asthma in early school age.

Recent Findings

A total of 17 studies were included in the analysis. Factors associated with developing asthma in children ≤ 10 years of age (both pre-school and early school age) included male gender (pooled OR = 1.70, P < 0.001), atopic dermatitis (pooled OR = 2.02, P < 0.001), a family history of asthma (pooled OR = 2.20, P < 0.001), and serum IgE levels ≥ 60 kU/l or having specific IgE (pooled OR = 2.36, P < 0.001). A history of exposure to smoke or wheezing was also associated with persistent asthma in early school age (pooled OR = 1.51, P = 0.030 and pooled OR = 2.59, P < 0.001, respectively). In general, asthma predictive models (e.g., API, PIAMA, PAPS) had relatively low sensitivity (range, 21% to 71.4%) but high specificity (range, 69% to 98%).

Summary

The study found that male gender, exposure to smoke, atopic dermatitis, family history of asthma, history of wheezing, and serum IgE level ≥ 60 kU/l or having specific IgE were significantly associated with developing asthma by either preschool or early school age. Asthma predictive models can be developed by those risk factors.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Risk Factors in Preschool Children for Predicting Asthma During the Preschool Age and the Early School Age: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors
Yixia Bao
Zhimin Chen
Enmei Liu
Li Xiang
Deyu Zhao
Jianguo Hong
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports / Issue 12/2017
Print ISSN: 1529-7322
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6315
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-017-0753-7

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