Umbilical Vein Catheter Protruding Through a Pulmonary Vein in a Patient with an Infracardiac Type Total Abnormal Pulmonary Venous Drainage

Excerpt

A girl born at a gestational age of 36 weeks presented with cyanosis. Echocardiography led to the diagnosis of right isomerism, a complete atrioventricular septal defect, pulmonary atresia, an aortic valve arising from the right ventricle and a total abnormal pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD) of the infracardiac type, with a collector vein connecting to a liver vein, draining into the left-sided atrium. After venous umbilical catheter placement, alprostadil was started, whereafter saturation increased to 85–90%. Computed tomography (CT) (Fig. 1), performed to further investigate pulmonary venous return, demonstrated the presence of the umbilical vein catheter (UVC) tip in the left inferior pulmonary vein (LIPV) (a), passing the TAPVD collector (b, PVC = pulmonary vein collector, LA = left atrium, DA = descending aorta), the hepatocaval confluence (HCC) (c) and the umbilical vein (UV) (d, HVV: hepatic veins) shown in a 3D surface rendering representation from posterior, with the aorta removed (e, PA = pulmonary artery, RIPV: Right inferior pulmonary vein, RSPV = right superior pulmonary vein, LIPV = Left inferior pulmonary vein), with the umbilical catheter in yellow. Based on the CT, the umbilical venous catheter was removed. In retrospect, the umbilical vein catheter was positioned rather deep and to the left that may have suspected malposition on the chest X-ray (Fig. 2) that was performed prior to the CT scan. …