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GLP-1 drugs may improve survival of people with brain metastases

People with cancer brain metastases and type 2 diabetes might derive a survival benefit from the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.

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Editor's Choice

Advances in autoimmune encephalitis care

With growing insight into the underlying pathogenic mechanisms, treatment now targets multiple immune pathways, including emerging third-line therapies. What are the options for immunotherapy and symptomatic management?

Managing breast cancer brain metastases

Explore the current knowledge of breast cancer brain metastases, from metastatic mechanisms to tumor microenvironment interactions, and learn how this understanding is driving diagnostic and therapeutic developments.

Unmasking intracranial hypertensive crisis

Find out how dynamic changes in postoperative angulation of the craniotomy bone flap provided a critical clue to high intracranial pressure in a patient with leptomeningeal disease.

Immunotherapies for CNS tumors

Review the latest trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors, vaccine therapy, oncolytic viruses, and CAR T-cell therapy, and the neurological toxicities and physiological barriers that make treating CNS tumors uniquely challenging.

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Next-generation MRI contrast agents: preparing the field (Link opens in a new window)

New MRI contrast agents are reshaping diagnostic imaging, promising lower gadolinium exposure amid evolving practice guidelines. How can you optimise contrast selection, dosing, and patient care in this rapidly advancing field?

This content is intended for healthcare professionals outside of the UK.

Independent Medical Education Grant:
  • Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Learn more Link opens in a new window

Case Studies

Unmasking intracranial hypertensive crisis

Find out how dynamic changes in postoperative angulation of the craniotomy bone flap provided a critical clue to high intracranial pressure in a patient with leptomeningeal disease.

Serious complication in patient with CNS lymphoma

A patient with primary central nervous system lymphoma receiving a high-dose methotrexate regimen developed capillary leak syndrome, which ultimately led to acute kidney injury. There should be a high suspicion for this rare but serious complication.

Triple pathology in uncontrolled epilepsy

Changes in seizure semiology and MRI findings indicated the unusual coexistence of low-grade glioma and hippocampal sclerosis in a 29-year-old patient with Sturge–Weber syndrome.

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on functional neurological disorder

FND perplexes and frustrates patients and physicians alike. Limited knowledge and insufficient awareness delays diagnosis and treatment, and many patients feel misunderstood and stigmatized. How can you recognize FND and what are the treatment options?

Prof. Mark Edwards
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Video

Current Reviews

From barrier to bridge: a scoping review on the methods, clinical efficacy, and safety of blood–brain barrier disruption in treating high-grade glioma

High-grade gliomas (HGGs) constitute the most common and lethal primary malignant brain tumors in adults. Glioblastoma (GBM) confers the poorest median overall survival (mOS) despite aggressive multimodal therapy [ 1 – 3 ]. A fundamental obstacle …

A systematic review of the implementation of cancer-specific holistic needs assessment (HNA) in adult clinical practice, and applicability to the brain tumour population

Brain tumours present a significant global burden and are an important public health issue worldwide [ 1 ]; the estimated age-standardised incidence rate of central nervous system (CNS) cancer is 4.63 per 100 000 person-years [ 2 ]. Based on Global …

Leveraging biometric data for meaningful outcome assessments in the care of patients with brain tumors: a systematic review

Body sensors and biometric data represent a rapidly advancing field in healthcare technology. They are designed to monitor and collect data on various physiological parameters such as heart rate, physical activity and brain activity, while …

Episode 21: Moving towards migraine freedom?

Newcomer PACAP could make the difference in migraine control

Anti-CGRP therapy has dramatically improved migraine treatment for many patients since its introduction in 2018. However, 30–40% of patients do not respond adequately to these drugs.

Prof. Messoud Ashina talks to us about PACAP and why targeting this pathway could offer a new future option for such patients.

Prof. Messoud Ashina
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Podcast

CME & eLearning

Next-generation MRI contrast agents: preparing the field (Link opens in a new window)

New MRI contrast agents are reshaping diagnostic imaging, promising lower gadolinium exposure amid evolving practice guidelines. How can you optimize contrast selection, dosing, and patient care in this rapidly advancing field?

This content is intended for healthcare professionals outside of the UK.

Independent Medical Education Grant:
  • Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Further Reading

Trends in primary brain tumour incidence and mortality in Ireland 1995–2019

Primary brain tumours are a complex group of conditions, which vary in tumour type, location, progression and impact on the individual. Incidence and prognosis of brain tumours are influenced by key factors such as morphological subtype, gender …

Disconnect between in vitro and in vivo efficacy of the MPS1 inhibitor NTRC 0066-0 against glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common adult primary brain tumor and has a dismal median survival of only 15 months [ 1 ]. Since the addition of the alkylating agent temozolomide to the standard of care in 2005, no other drugs have significantly …

Therapeutic efficacy of dendritic cell vaccination in a novel syngeneic mouse model of diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant

High-grade gliomas (HGG) are among the most lethal human cancers with median overall survival typically under two years from initial diagnosis [ 1 , 2 ]. Recurrence after surgery is almost universal because tumor cells infiltrate the surrounding …

Soluble TIM-3 and galectin-9 serve as additional diagnostic biomarkers in primary central nervous system lymphoma

  • Open Access
  • Lymphoma
  • Original Research

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare subtype of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma confined to the central nervous system (CNS), involving the brain, leptomeninges, eyes, or spinal cord without systemic involvement. Although PCNSL is …

Image Credits
Incretin mimetic injectors/© aprott / Getty Images / iStock, Antibodies attacking a neuron/© Dr_Microbe / stock.adobe.com, Paper illustration of multiple brain tumors/© freshidea / Stock.adobe.com, Dynamic bone flap angulation during intracranial hypertensive crisis in leptomeningeal disease/© 2026, Springer Science Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and Neurocritical Care Society, Neurocrit Care, Tumor cell surrounded by immune cells/© Nevio / Generated with AI / Stock.adobe.com, Abstract graphic of layered, concentric circular shapes in bright green, pink, blue, and purple on a dark blue background. The rings and segments form a complex radial pattern without text/© Springer Health+ IME, Pills on background of brain MRI scan/© Ildar Imashev / Getty Images / iStock, Paramedics treating man after road traffic accident/© rh2010 / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with models), Immunohistology of patient with CNS lymphoma and capillary leak syndrome/© 2025, Wenpeng Li et al, under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature, Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, Brain MRI indicating hippocampal sclerosis and low-grade glioma in a patient with Sturge-Weber syndrome/© 2025, Sara Ranji et al, J Med Case Reports, Human brain illustration/© (M) CHRISTOPH BURGSTEDT / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Getty Images, Medicine Matters Podcast promo image/© Springer Medizin GmbH