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Open Access 01-02-2021 | Ulcerative Colitis | Original Contribution

Habitual dietary intake of IBD patients differs from population controls: a case–control study

Authors: Vera Peters, Ettje F. Tigchelaar-Feenstra, Floris Imhann, Jackie A. M. Dekens, Morris A. Swertz, Lude H. Franke, Cisca Wijmenga, Rinse K. Weersma, Behrooz Z. Alizadeh, Gerard Dijkstra, Marjo J. E. Campmans-Kuijpers

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Background

Since evidence-based dietary guidelines are lacking for IBD patients, they tend to follow “unguided” dietary habits; potentially leading to nutritional deficiencies and detrimental effects on disease course. Therefore, we compared dietary intake of IBD patients with controls.

Methods

Dietary intake of macronutrients and 25 food groups of 493 patients (207 UC, 286 CD), and 1291 controls was obtained via a food frequency questionnaire.

Results

38.6% of patients in remission had protein intakes below the recommended 0.8 g/kg and 86.7% with active disease below the recommended 1.2 g/kg. Multinomial logistic regression, corrected for age, gender and BMI, showed that (compared to controls) UC patients consumed more meat and spreads, but less alcohol, breads, coffee and dairy; CD patients consumed more non-alcoholic drinks, potatoes, savoury snacks and sugar and sweets but less alcohol, dairy, nuts, pasta and prepared meals. Patients with active disease consumed more meat, soup and sugar and sweets but less alcohol, coffee, dairy, prepared meals and rice; patients in remission consumed more potatoes and spreads but less alcohol, breads, dairy, nuts, pasta and prepared meals.

Conclusions

Patients avoiding potentially favourable foods and gourmandizing potentially unfavourable foods are of concern. Special attention is needed for protein intake in the treatment of these patients.

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Title: Habitual dietary intake of IBD patients differs from population controls: a case–control study
Authors: Vera Peters
Ettje F. Tigchelaar-Feenstra
Floris Imhann
Jackie A. M. Dekens
Morris A. Swertz
Lude H. Franke
Cisca Wijmenga
Rinse K. Weersma
Behrooz Z. Alizadeh
Gerard Dijkstra
Marjo J. E. Campmans-Kuijpers
Publication date: 01-02-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Ulcerative Colitis
Crohn's Disease
Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02250-z

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