Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a benign lesion which generally affects meta-epiphyseal region of long bones in adults aged from 20 to 40 years. Since it accounts for approximately 5% of all tumors primarily occurred in bone, [ 1 ] GCTB is not a …

Giant cell tumor of soft tissue (GCT-ST) is a relatively rare hyperplastic neoplasm, with morphological characteristics similar to those arising from the bone [ 1 , 2 ]. Salm et al . first described the presence of GCT-ST in 1972, characterized by …

STS are a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal tumors with more than 100 histological subtypes with varying clinical behavior that make up less than 1% of all malignancies in the adult population [ 1 ]. They are found in every body part, with a …

This review shows the extraordinary change molecular pathology has induced in the classification, diagnosis, and clinical practice of molecular pathologists dealing with sarcomas. We have primarily focused on the practical aspects of molecular …

Some motor nerve injuries or neuromuscular diseases cause muscle deterioration, and if the deterioration causes impaired gait, other muscles compensate for walking [ 1 ]. The motor branches of the femoral nerve supply the sartorius and quadriceps …

Most soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) exhibit an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to resistance against immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and limited therapeutic response. Preclinical data suggest that oncolytic viral therapy …

The molecular characterization of soft tissue and bone tumors is a rapidly evolving field that has changed the perspective of how these tumors are diagnosed today. Morphology and clinico-radiological context still represent the cornerstone of …

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare primary malignant bone tumor in children and young adults with an annual incidence of 8–11 cases per million persons at 10–19 years of age [ 1 , 2 ]. The disease is commonly found in the extremities, specifically the …

Soft tissue sarcomas are rare, and comprise a heterogeneous group of entities [ 1 ], leading to diagnostic challenges. An early, accurate diagnosis is crucial for the prognosis of these patients. At the same time, clinical infrastructure differs …

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are a rare family of mesenchymal tumors (Bonetti et al. 1992 ) and classified as "benign" or "malignant" by the 2020 WHO classification (WHO 2020 ). The PEComa family of tumors includes angiomyolipoma …

Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) can infiltrate the mandible, and this likeliness for invasion is influenced among others by time (e.g., diagnosis delay), tumor biology, and adjacent localization measuring < 1 cm to the mandible (Pandey et al.

Complete surgical resection remains the central aspect of multimodal therapy for lower extremity soft tissue tumors. Adequate therapy, however, requires a prompt and complication-free transition between neoadjuvant, surgical, and adjuvant therapy …

It is well-known that malignant tumors are highly correlated with coagulation and fibrinolysis. Many tumor cells express tissue factor (TF) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) on their surface. TF is a coagulation factor that …

The proximal humerus is a common site of primary malignant bone tumors and bone metastases, and surgical treatment of malignant tumors in this site has long been a difficult problem in orthopedics [ 1 – 3 ]. Further development and innovation in …

Lipomatous soft tissue tumors are rare tumors arising from benign (such as lipomas) or malignant (liposarcomas) mesenchymal tissue proliferation. Liposarcomas constitute the second most common subgroup of soft tissue sarcomas in adults, with a …

Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors that can arise anywhere in the body, making their clinical course variable and the development of a meaningful staging system difficult. With this background in mind, the …