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Annals of Hematology
Published in: Annals of Hematology 6/2024

06-04-2024 | Thalassemia | Original Article

Impact of genotype on multi-organ iron and complications in patients with non-transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia intermedia

Authors: Antonella Meloni, Laura Pistoia, Paolo Ricchi, Sergio Bagnato, Filomena Longo, Giuseppe Messina, Sabrina Bagnato, Vincenza Rossi, Stefania Renne, Riccardo Righi, Priscilla Fina, Vincenzo Positano, Filippo Cademartiri

Published in: Annals of Hematology | Issue 6/2024

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Abstract

We evaluated the impact of the genotype on clinical and hematochemical features, hepatic and cardiac iron levels, and endocrine, hepatic, and cardiovascular complications in non-transfusion-dependent (NTD) β-thalassemia intermedia (TI) patients. Sixty patients (39.09 ± 11.11 years, 29 females) consecutively enrolled in the Myocardial Iron Overload in Thalassemia project underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging to quantify iron overload, biventricular function parameters, and atrial areas and to detect replacement myocardial fibrosis. Three groups of patients were identified: homozygous β+ (N = 18), heterozygous β0β+ (N = 22), and homozygous β0 (N = 20). The groups were homogeneous for sex, age, splenectomy, hematochemical parameters, chelation therapy, and iron levels. The homozygous β° genotype was associated with significantly higher biventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volume indexes and bi-atrial area indexes. No difference was detected in biventricular ejection fractions or myocardial fibrosis. Extramedullary hematopoiesis and leg ulcers were significantly more frequent in the homozygous β° group compared to the homozygous β+ group. No association was detected between genotype and liver cirrhosis, hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, osteoporosis, heart failure, arrhythmias, and pulmonary hypertension. Heart remodelling related to a high cardiac output state cardiomyopathy, extramedullary hematopoiesis, and leg ulcers were more pronounced in patients with the homozygous β° genotype compared to the other genotypes analyzed. The knowledge of the genotype can assist in the clinical management of NTD β-TI patients.
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Metadata
Title
Impact of genotype on multi-organ iron and complications in patients with non-transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia intermedia
Authors
Antonella Meloni
Laura Pistoia
Paolo Ricchi
Sergio Bagnato
Filomena Longo
Giuseppe Messina
Sabrina Bagnato
Vincenza Rossi
Stefania Renne
Riccardo Righi
Priscilla Fina
Vincenzo Positano
Filippo Cademartiri
Publication date
06-04-2024
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Annals of Hematology / Issue 6/2024
Print ISSN: 0939-5555
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0584
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-024-05741-9

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