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European Journal of Nutrition

Published in:

01-03-2022 | Sarcopenia | Review

Effects of branched-chain amino acid-rich supplementation on EWGSOP2 criteria for sarcopenia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Geng-Hao Bai, Meng-Chen Tsai, Han-Wei Tsai, Chun-Chao Chang, Wen-Hsuan Hou

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 2/2022

Abstract

Purpose

According to criteria recommended by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), we analyzed the effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-rich supplements on muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance in older people.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL from inception until March 2021. Randomized controlled trials that examined the effect of BCAA-rich supplements on older people were included. Random-effects meta-analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed. Subgroup analyses were stratified by participant and supplementation characteristics. Meta-regression analyses were performed to examine the effect of continuous variables.

Results

Thirty-five studies were included in this meta-analysis. Quality assessment revealed that 14 of 35 RCTs had some potential bias. The overall standardized mean difference (SMD) in muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance between the supplement and control groups was 0.35 (95% CI = [0.15, 0.55], P = 0.0007), 0.25 (95% CI = [0.10, 0.40], P = 0.0008), and 0.29 (95% CI = [0.00, 0.57], P = 0.05), respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that essential amino acid supplementation improved handgrip strength more significantly than whey protein supplementation in older people. Meta-regression analysis revealed a significant linear relationship between improvements in handgrip strength and body mass index.

Conclusions

BCAA-rich supplementation by older people may have beneficial effects on muscle mass and strength. However, the included studies had high heterogeneity, and the results must be interpreted with caution.

Prospero registration number

CRD42020206674.

Available only for authorised users

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Title: Effects of branched-chain amino acid-rich supplementation on EWGSOP2 criteria for sarcopenia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Geng-Hao Bai
Meng-Chen Tsai
Han-Wei Tsai
Chun-Chao Chang
Wen-Hsuan Hou
Publication date: 01-03-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keyword: Sarcopenia
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 2/2022
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02710-0

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