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Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research
Published in: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 1/2021

01-12-2021 | Melanoma | Review

Emerging dynamics pathways of response and resistance to PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade: tackling uncertainty by confronting complexity

Authors: Allan Relecom, Maysaloun Merhi, Varghese Inchakalody, Shahab Uddin, Darawan Rinchai, Davide Bedognetti, Said Dermime

Published in: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors provide considerable therapeutic benefit in a range of solid cancers as well as in a subgroup of hematological malignancies. Response rates are however suboptimal, and despite considerable efforts, predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors ahead of their administration in a given patient remains elusive. The study of the dynamics of the immune system and of the tumor under immune checkpoint blockade brought insight into the mechanisms of action of these therapeutic agents. Equally relevant are the mechanisms of adaptive resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors that have been uncovered through this approach. In this review, we discuss the dynamics of the immune system and of the tumor under immune checkpoint blockade emanating from recent studies on animal models and humans. We will focus on mechanisms of action and of resistance conveying information predictive of therapeutic response.
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Metadata
Title
Emerging dynamics pathways of response and resistance to PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade: tackling uncertainty by confronting complexity
Authors
Allan Relecom
Maysaloun Merhi
Varghese Inchakalody
Shahab Uddin
Darawan Rinchai
Davide Bedognetti
Said Dermime
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1756-9966
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01872-3

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