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Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

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01-12-2021 | Glucocorticoid | Review

The role of the circadian clock in cancer hallmark acquisition and immune-based cancer therapeutics

Authors: Elizabeth Cash, Sandra Sephton, Cassandra Woolley, Attia M. Elbehi, Anu R. I., Bene Ekine-Afolabi, Victor C. Kok

Published in: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

The circadian system temporally regulates physiology to maintain homeostasis. Co-opting and disrupting circadian signals appear to be distinct attributes that are functionally important for the development of a tumor and can enable or give rise to the hallmarks that tumors use to facilitate their initiation, growth and progression. Because circadian signals are also strong regulators of immune cell proliferation, trafficking and exhaustion states, they play a role in how tumors respond to immune-based cancer therapeutics. While immuno-oncology has heralded a paradigm shift in cancer therapeutics, greater accuracy is needed to increase our capability of predicting who will respond favorably to, or who is likely to experience the troubling adverse effects of, immunotherapy. Insights into circadian signals may further refine our understanding of biological determinants of response and help answer the fundamental question of whether certain perturbations in circadian signals interfere with the activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here we review the body of literature highlighting circadian disruption as a cancer promoter and synthesize the burgeoning evidence suggesting circadian signals play a role in how tumors respond to immune-based anti-cancer therapeutics. The goal is to develop a framework to advance our understanding of the relationships between circadian markers, cancer biology, and immunotherapeutics. Bolstered by this new understanding, these relationships may then be pursued in future clinical studies to improve our ability to predict which patients will respond favorably to, and avoid the adverse effects of, traditional and immune-based cancer therapeutics.

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Title: The role of the circadian clock in cancer hallmark acquisition and immune-based cancer therapeutics
Authors: Elizabeth Cash
Sandra Sephton
Cassandra Woolley
Attia M. Elbehi
Anu R. I.
Bene Ekine-Afolabi
Victor C. Kok
Publication date: 01-12-2021
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Glucocorticoid
Checkpoint Inhibitors
Published in: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1756-9966
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01919-5

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