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European Journal of Medical Research
Published in: European Journal of Medical Research 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Lung Cancer | Research

Genetic associations between circulating metabolic biomarkers and lung cancer in East Asians and Europeans

Authors: Kai Liu, Shangshang Wang, Yuhan Zhou, Sha Huang, Yifan Liu, Lijiang Song, Zhengfu He

Published in: European Journal of Medical Research | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

Metabolic biomarkers are reported to be associated with the risk of lung cancer (LC). However, the observed associations from epidemiological studies are either inconsistent or inconclusive.

Methods

The genetic summary data of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and those of the LC and its histological subtypes were retrieved from previous GWASs. We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR analyses to examine the associations between genetically predicted metabolic biomarkers and LC in East Asians and Europeans.

Results

In East Asians, the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method suggests that LDL (odds ratio [OR] = 0.799, 95% CI 0.712–0.897), TC (OR = 0.713, 95% CI 0.638–0.797), and TG (OR = 0.702, 95% CI 0.613–0.804) were significantly associated with LC after correction for multiple testing. For the remaining three biomarkers, we did not detect significant association with LC by any MR method. Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis yielded an OR of 0.958 (95% CI 0.748–1.172) for HDL, 0.839 (95% CI 0.738–0.931) for LDL, 0.942 (95% CI 0.742–1.133) for TC, 1.161 (95% CI 1.070–1.252) for TG, 1.079 (95% CI 0.851–1.219) for FPG, and 1.101 (95% CI 0.922–1.191) for HbA1c. In Europeans, the univariate MR analyses did not detect significant association between exposures and outcomes. However, in MVMR analysis integrating circulating lipids and lifestyle risk factors (smoking, alcohol drinking, and body mass index), we found that TG was positively associated with LC in Europeans (OR = 1.660, 95% CI 1.060–2.260). Subgroup and sensitivity analysis yielded similar results to the main analyses.

Conclusions

Our study provides genetic evidence that circulating levels of LDL was negatively associated with LC in East Asians, whereas TG was positively associated with LC in both populations.
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Metadata
Title
Genetic associations between circulating metabolic biomarkers and lung cancer in East Asians and Europeans
Authors
Kai Liu
Shangshang Wang
Yuhan Zhou
Sha Huang
Yifan Liu
Lijiang Song
Zhengfu He
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
European Journal of Medical Research / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 2047-783X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01116-4

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