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Open Access 01-12-2017 | Review

Distribution and fate of HIV-1 unintegrated DNA species: a comprehensive update

Authors: Faysal Bin Hamid, Jinsun Kim, Cha-Gyun Shin

Published in: AIDS Research and Therapy | Issue 1/2017

Abstract

Reverse transcription of viral RNA and the subsequent integration of reverse transcripts are the classical early events of the HIV-1 life-cycle. Simultaneously, abundant unintegrated DNAs (uDNAs), are formed in cells ubiquitously. The uDNAs either undergo recombination or degradation or persist inactively for long periods in the nucleus as future resources. Among them, 2-LTR circles are considered a dead-end for viral spread. Their contribution to the HIV-1 infection is still poorly understood. Nevertheless, the preintegration transcription of the aberrant DNAs and the consequent alterations of cellular factors have already been reported. Since the major fate of the viral genome is to persist as episomal DNA, precise characterization is required for studying the biology of HIV-1. This review compiles the biochemical and genetic updates on uDNA in the HIV-1 life cycle and could provide direction to further study of their roles in HIV-1 replication and application in HIV-1 pathogenesis.

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Title: Distribution and fate of HIV-1 unintegrated DNA species: a comprehensive update
Authors: Faysal Bin Hamid
Jinsun Kim
Cha-Gyun Shin
Publication date: 01-12-2017
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: AIDS Research and Therapy / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1742-6405
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-016-0127-6

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