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Cardiovascular Diabetology
Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Review

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in atherosclerosis: a double-edged sword

Authors: Xiao-Yan Qi, Shun-Lin Qu, Wen-Hao Xiong, Oren Rom, Lin Chang, Zhi-Sheng Jiang

Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), the adipose tissue that surrounds most of the vasculature, has emerged as an active component of the blood vessel wall regulating vascular homeostasis and affecting the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Although PVAT characteristics resemble both brown and white adipose tissues, recent evidence suggests that PVAT develops from its own distinct precursors implying a closer link between PVAT and vascular system. Under physiological conditions, PVAT has potent anti-atherogenic properties mediated by its ability to secrete various biologically active factors that induce non-shivering thermogenesis and metabolize fatty acids. In contrast, under pathological conditions (mainly obesity), PVAT becomes dysfunctional, loses its thermogenic capacity and secretes pro-inflammatory adipokines that induce endothelial dysfunction and infiltration of inflammatory cells, promoting atherosclerosis development. Since PVAT plays crucial roles in regulating key steps of atherosclerosis development, it may constitute a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. Here, we review the current literature regarding the roles of PVAT in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Metadata
Title
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in atherosclerosis: a double-edged sword
Authors
Xiao-Yan Qi
Shun-Lin Qu
Wen-Hao Xiong
Oren Rom
Lin Chang
Zhi-Sheng Jiang
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Cardiovascular Diabetology / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-018-0777-x

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