Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Cardiovascular Diabetology
Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Review

Reduced coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic total occlusion

Authors: Ying Shen, Feng Hua Ding, Yang Dai, Xiao Qun Wang, Rui Yan Zhang, Lin Lu, Wei Feng Shen

Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology | Issue 1/2018

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

The extent of coronary collateral formation is a primary determinant of the severity of myocardial damage and mortality after coronary artery occlusion. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents an important risk factor for impaired collateral vessel growth. However, the mechanism of reduced coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic patients remains unclear.

Methods

With the reference to the recent researches, this review article describes the pathogenic effects of T2DM on collateral development and outlines possible clinical and biochemical markers associated with reduced coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO).

Results

Diffuse coronary atherosclerosis in T2DM reduces pressure gradient between collateral donor artery and collateral recipient one, limiting collateral vessel growth and function. An interaction between advanced glycation end-products and their receptor activates several intracellular signaling pathways, enhances oxidative stress and aggravates inflammatory process. Diabetic condition decreases pro-angiogenic factors especially vascular endothelial growth factor and other collateral vessel growth related parameters. Numerous clinical and biochemical factors that could possibly attenuate the development of coronary collaterals have been reported. Increased serum levels of glycated albumin, cystatin C, and adipokine C1q tumor necrosis factor related protein 1 were associated with poor coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic patients with stable coronary artery disease and CTO. Diastolic blood pressure and stenosis severity of the predominant collateral donor artery also play a role in coronary collateral formation.

Conclusions

T2DM impairs collateral vessel growth through multiple mechanisms involving arteriogenesis and angiogenesis, and coronary collateral formation in patients with T2DM and CTO is influenced by various clinical, biochemical and angiographic factors. This information provides insights into the understanding of coronary pathophysiology and searching for potential new therapeutic targets in T2DM.
Literature
1.
Seiler C, Stoller M, Pitt B, Meier P. The human coronary collateral circulation: development and clinical importance. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(34):2674–82.CrossRefPubMed
2.
3.
Zimarino M, D’Andreamatteo M, Waksman R, Epstein SE, De Caterina R. The dynamics of the coronary collateral circulation. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2014;11(4):191–7.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Traupe T, Gloekler S, de Marchi SF, Werner GS, Seiler C. Assessment of the human coronary collateral circulation. Circulation. 2010;122(12):1210–20.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Jang WJ, Yang JH, Choi SH, Song YB, Hahn JY, Choi JH, Kim WS, Lee YT, Gwon HC. Long-term survival benefit of revascularization compared with medical therapy in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion and well-developed collateral circulation. JACC Cardiovasc Intv. 2015;8(2):271–9.CrossRef
6.
Meier P, Hemingway H, Lansky AJ, Knapp G, Pitt B, Seiler C. The impact of the coronary collateral circulation on mortality: a meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(5):614–21.CrossRefPubMed
7.
8.
Martín-Timón I, Sevillano-Collantes C, Segura-Galindo A, del Cañizo-Gómez FJ. Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: have all risk factors the same strength? World J Diabetes. 2014;5(4):444–70.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Werner GS, Richartz BM, Heinke S, Ferrari M, Figulla HR. Impaired acute collateral recruitment as a possible mechanism for increased cardiac adverse events in patients with diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J. 2003;24(12):1134–42.CrossRefPubMed
10.
11.
12.
Schirmer SH, van Royen N, Moerlan PD, Fledderus JO, Henriques JP, van der Schaaf R, Vis MM, Baan J Jr, Koch KT, Horrevoets AJ, et al. Local cytokine concentration and oxygen pressure are related to maturation of collateral circulation in humans. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53(23):2141–7.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Werner GS, Ferrari M, Richartz BM, Gastmann O, Figulla HR. Microvascular dysfunction in chronic total coronary occlusions. Circulation. 2001;104(10):1129–34.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Stone GW, Maehara A, Lansky AJ, de Bruyne B, Cristea E, Mintz GS, Mehran R, McPherson J, Farhat N, Marson SP, et al. A prospective, natural-history study of coronary atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(3):226–35.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Kennedy MW, Fabris E, Suryapranata H, Kedhi E. Is ischemia the only factor predicting cardiovascular outcomes in all diabetes mellitus patients? Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2017;16:15.CrossRef
16.
Kuroda M, Shinke T, Otake H, Sugiyama D, Takaya T, Takahashi H, Terashita D, Uzu K, Tahara N, Kashiwagi D, et al. Effects of daily glucose fluctuations on the healing response to everolimus-eluting stent implantation as assessed using continuous glucose monitoring and optical coherence tomography. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016;15:79.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
17.
Yoshida N, Yamamoto H, Shinke T, Otake H, Kuroda M, Terashita D, Takahashi H, Sakaguchi K, Hirota Y, Emoto T, et al. Impact of CD14++CD16+ monocytes on plaque vulnerability in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2017;16(1):96.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
Hinkel R, Howe A, Renner S, Ng J, Lee S, Klett K, Kaczmarek V, Moretti A, Laugwitz KL, Skroblin P, et al. Diabetes mellitus–induced microvascular destabilization in the myocardium. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(2):131–43.CrossRefPubMed
19.
De Bruyne B, Hersbach F, Pijls NHJ, Bartunek J, Bech JW, Heyndrickx GR, Gould KL, Wijns W. Abnormal epicardial coronary resistance in patients with diffuse atherosclerosis but ‘normal’ coronary angiography. Circulation. 2001;104(2):2401–6.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Moore SM, Zhang H, Maeda N, Doerschuk CM, Faber JE. Cardiovascular risk factors cause premature rarefaction of the collateral circulation and greater ischemic tissue injury. Angiogenesis. 2015;18(3):265–81.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
21.
Goldin A, Beckman JA, Schmidt AM, Creager MA. Advanced glycation end products: sparking the development of diabetic vascular injury. Circulation. 2006;114(6):597–605.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Hansen L, Gupta D, Joseph G, Weiss D, Taylor WR. The receptor for advanced glycation end products impairs collateral formation in both diabetic and non-diabetic mice. Lab Invest. 2017;97(1):34–42.CrossRefPubMed
23.
24.
25.
Ito WD, Lund N, Sager H, Becker W, Wenzel U. Different impact of diabetes mellitus type II and arterial hypertension on collateral artery growth and concomitant macrophage accumulation. Vasa. 2015;44(1):31–41.CrossRefPubMed
26.
Kaza E, Ablasser K, Poutias D, Griffiths ER, Saad FA, Hofstaetter JG, del Nido PJ, Friehs I. Up-regulation of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 prevents angiogenesis in hypertrophied myocardium. Cardiovasc Res. 2011;89(2):410–8.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Ikeda T, Sun L, Tsuruoka N, Ishigaki Y, Yoshitomi Y, Yoshitake Y, Yonekura H. Hypoxia down-regulates sFlt-1 (sVEGFR-1) expression in human microvascular endothelial cells by a mechanism involving mRNA alternative processing. Biochem J. 2011;436(2):399–407.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
28.
Wada H, Satoh N, Kitaoka S, Ono K, Morimoto T, Kawamura T, Nakano T, Fujita M, Kita T, Shimatsu A, et al. Soluble VEGF receptor-2 is increased in sera of subjects with metabolic syndrome in association with insulin resistance. Atherosclerosis. 2010;208(2):512–7.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Sun Z, Shen Y, Lu L, Zhang RY, Pu LJ, Zhang Q, Yang ZK, Hu J, Chen QJ, Shen WF. Increased serum level of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 is associated with poor coronary collateralization in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Circ J. 2014;78(5):1191–6.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Sasso FC, Torella D, Carbonara O, Ellison GM, Torella M, Scardone M, Marra C, Nasti R, Marfella R, Cozzolino D, et al. Increased vascular endothelial growth factor expression but impaired vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling in the myocardium of type 2 diabetic patients with chronic coronary heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46(5):827–34.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Tchaikovski V, Olieslagers S, Bohmer F, Waltenberger J. Diabetes mellitus activates signal transduction pathways resulting in vascular endothelial growth factor resistance of human monocytes. Circulation. 2009;120(2):150–9.CrossRefPubMed
32.
Nandy D, Mukhopadhyay D, Basu A. Both vascular endothelial growth factor and soluble Flt-1 are increased in type 2 diabetes but not in impaired fasting glucose. J Investig Med. 2010;58(6):804–6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
33.
Ramasamy R, Yan SF, Schmidt AM. Receptor for AGE (RAGE): signaling mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complication. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011;1243:88–102.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
34.
Hedrick CC, Thorpe SR, Fu MX, Harper CM, Yoo J, Kim SM, Wong H, Peters AL. Glycation impairs high-density lipoprotein function. Diabetologia. 2000;43(3):312–20.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Younis N, Sharma R, Soran H, Charlton-Menys V, Elseweidy M, Durrington PN. Glycation as an atherogenic modification of LDL. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2008;19(4):378–84.CrossRefPubMed
36.
37.
38.
Borekci A, Gur M, Seker T, Baykan AO, Ozaltun B, Karakoyun S, Karakurt A, Turkoglu C, Makca I, Cayli M. Coronary collateral circulation in patients with chronic coronary total occlusion: the relationship with cardiac risk markers and SYNTAX score. Perfusion. 2015;30(6):457–64.CrossRefPubMed
39.
Epstein SE, Lassance-Soares RM, Faber JE, Burnett MS. Effects of aging on the collateral circulation, and therapeutic implications. Circulation. 2012;125(25):3211–9.CrossRefPubMed
40.
Koerselman J, de Jaegere PP, Verhaar MC, Grobbee DE, van der Graaf Y, SMART Study Group. Coronary collateral circulation: the effects of smoking and alcohol. Atherosclerosis. 2007;191(1):191–8.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Koerselman J, de Jaegere PP, Verhaar MC, Grobbee DE, van der Graaf Y, SMART Study Group. High blood pressure is inversely related with the presence and extent of coronary collaterals. J Hum Hypertens. 2005;19(10):809–17.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Yetkin E, Topal E, Erguzel N, Senen K, Heper G, Waltenberger J. Diabetes mellitus and female gender are the strongest predictors of poor collateral vessel development in patients with severe coronary artery stenosis. Angiogenesis. 2015;18(2):201–7.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Waltenberger J. Impaired collateral vessel development in diabetes: potential cellular mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Cardiovasc Res. 2001;49(3):554–60.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Duan J, Murohara T, Ikeda H, Katoh A, Shintani S, Sasaki K. Hypercholesterolemia inhibits angiogenesis in response to hindlimb ischemia. Circulation. 2000;102(suppl III):III370–3.PubMed
45.
Fan Y, Hu JS, Guo F, Lu ZB, Xia H. Lipoprotein (a) as a predictor of poor collateral circulation in patients with chronic stable coronary heart disease. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2017;50:e5979.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
46.
Uysal OK, Sahin DY, Duran M, Turkoglu C, Yildirim A, Elbasan Z, Ozkan B, Tekin K, Kunak AU, Yilmaz Y, et al. Association between uric acid and coronary collateral circulation in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Angiology. 2014;65(3):227–31.CrossRefPubMed
47.
Gulec S, Ozdemir AO, Maradit-Kremers H, Dincer I, Atmaca Y, Erol C. Elevated levels of C-reactive protein are associated with impaired coronary collateral development. Eur J Clin Invest. 2006;16(6):369–75.CrossRef
48.
Seiler C, Pohl T, Billinger M, Meier B. Tumor necrosis factor alpha concentration and collateral flow in patients with coronary artery disease and normal systolic left ventricular function. Heart. 2003;89(1):96–7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
49.
Shen Y, Ding FH, Zhang RY, Zhang Q, Lu L, Shen WF. Association of serum mimecan with angiographic coronary collateralization in patients with stable coronary artery disease and CTO. Atherosclerosis. 2016;252:75–81.CrossRefPubMed
50.
Akm F, Ayca B, Celik O, Sahin C. Predictors of poor coronary collateral development in patients with stable coronary artery disease: neutropil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelets. Anatol J Cardiol. 2015;15(3):218–23.CrossRef
51.
Sahinarslan A, Kocaman SA, Topal S, Ercin U, Bukan N, Yalcin R, Timurkaynak T. Relation between serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and coronary collateral development. Coron Artery Dis. 2010;21(8):455–9.CrossRefPubMed
52.
Akboga MK, Akyel A, Sahinarslan A, Demirtas CY, Yayla C, Boyaci B, Yalcin R. Relationship between plasma apelin level and coronary collateral circulation. Atherosclerosis. 2014;235(2):289–94.CrossRefPubMed
53.
Keeley EC, Moorman JR, Liu L, Gimple LW, Gimple LW, Lipson LC, Ragosta M, Taylor AM, Lake DE, Burdick MD, et al. Plasma chemokine levels are associated with the presence and extent of angiographic coronary collaterals in chronic ischemic heart disease. PLoS ONE. 2011;6:e21174.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
54.
Ozeke O, Gungor M, Topalouglu S, Aras D, Ozer C. Chronic total artery occlusions in noninfarct-related coronary arteries. Int J Angiol. 2014;23(17):17–22.PubMedPubMedCentral
55.
Shen Y, Pu LJ, Lu L, Zhang Q, Zhang RY, Shen WF. Glycated albumin is superior to heamoglobin A1c for evaluating the presence and severity of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetic patients. Cardiology. 2012;123(2):84–90.CrossRefPubMed
56.
Shen Y, Pu LJ, Lu L, Zhang Q, Zhang RY, Shen WF. Serum advanced glycation end-products and receptors as prognostic biomarkers in diabetics undergoing coronary artery stent implantation. Can J Cardiol. 2012;28(6):737–43.CrossRefPubMed
57.
Shen Y, Lu L, Ding FH, Sun Z, Zhang RY, Zhang Q, Yang ZK, Hu J, Chen QJ, Shen WF. Association of increased serum glycated albumin levels with low coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic patients with stable angina and CTO. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2013;12:165.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
58.
Cohen MP, Shea E, Chen S, Shearman CW. Glycated albumin increases oxidase stress, activates NF-κB and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and stimulates ERK-dependent transforming growth factor-beta 1 production in macrophage RAW cells. J Lab Clin Med. 2003;141(4):242–9.CrossRefPubMed
59.
Li H, Zhang X, Guan X, Cui X, Wang Y, Chu H, Cheng M. Advanced glycation end products impair the migration, adhesion and secretion potentials of late endothelial progenitor cells. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2012;11:46.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
60.
Angelidis C, Deftereos S, Giannopoulos G, Anatoliotakis N, Bouras G, Hatzis G, Panagopoulou V, Pyrgakis V, Cleman MW. Cystatin C: an emerging biomarker in cardiovascular disease. Curr Top Med Chem. 2013;13(2):164–79.CrossRefPubMed
61.
Shen Y, Ding FH, Zhang RY, Zhang Q, Lu L, Shen WF. Serum cystatin C reflects angiographic coronary collateralization in stable coronary artery disease patients with CTO. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:e0137253.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
62.
Taglieri N, Koenig W, Kaski JC. Cystatin C and cardiovascular risk. Clin Chem. 2009;55(11):1932–43.CrossRefPubMed
63.
Shen Y, Ding FH, Wu F, Sun Z, Zhang RY, Zhang Q, Lu L, Wu ZG, Shen WF. Cystatin C-versus creatinine- based definition of renal dysfunction for detecting low coronary collateralization in patients with stable angina and CTO. J Diabetes Metab. 2014;5:453–9.
64.
Xie SL, Li HY, Deng BQ, Luo NS, Geng DF, Wang JF, Nie RQ. Poor coronary collateral vessel development in patients with mild to moderate renal insufficiency. Clin Res Cardiol. 2011;100(3):227–33.CrossRefPubMed
65.
Schotiker B, Brenner H, Herder C, Rothenbacher D, Muller H. Clinical utility of creatinine- and cystatin C-based definition of renal function for risk prediction of primary cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(4):879–86.CrossRef
66.
Lin TH, Wang CL, Su HM, Hsu PC, Juo SH, Voon WC, Shin SJ, Lai WT, Sheu SH. Functional vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms and diabetes: effect on coronary collaterals in patients with significant coronary artery disease. Clin Chim Acta. 2010;411(21–22):1688–93.CrossRefPubMed
67.
Ouchi N, Walsh K. Cardiovascular and metabolic regulation by the adiponectin/CTRP family of proteins. Circulation. 2012;125(25):3066–8.CrossRefPubMed
68.
Siasos G, Tousoulis D, Kollia C, Oikonomou E, Siasou Z, Stefanadis C, Papavassiliou AG. Adiponectin and cardiovascular disease: mechanisms and new therapeutic approaches. Curr Med Chem. 2012;19(8):1193–209.CrossRefPubMed
69.
Yi W, Sun Y, Yuan Y, Lau WB, Zheng Q, Wang X, Wang Y, Shang X, Gao E, Koch WJ, et al. C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-3, a newly identified adipokine, is a novel antiapoptotic, proangiogenic, and cardioprotective molecule in the ischemic mouse heart. Circulation. 2012;125(25):3159–69.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
70.
Shen Y, Lu L, Liu ZH, Zhu JZ, Sun Z, Zhang RY, Zhang Q, Hu J, Chen QJ, Wu ZG, et al. Increased serum level of CTRP1 is associated with low coronary collateralization in stable angina patients with CTO. Int J Cardiol. 2014;174(1):2013–6.CrossRef
71.
Lu L, Zhang RY, Wang XQ, Liu ZH, Shen Y, Ding FH, Meng H, Wang LJ, Yan XX, Yang K, et al. C1q/TNF-related protein-1: an adipokine marking and promoting atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(22):1762–71.CrossRefPubMed
72.
Shen Y, Ding FH, Wu F, Lu L, Zhang RY, Zhang Q, Wu ZG, Shen WF. Association of blood pressure and coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic and nondiabetic patients with stable angina and CTO. J Hypertens. 2015;33(3):621–6.CrossRefPubMed
73.
Vamos EP, Harris M, Millett C, Pape UJ, Khunti K, Curcin V, Curcin V, Molokhia M, Majeed A. Association of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and all cause mortality in patients newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2012;345:e5567.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
74.
Shen Y, Ding FH, Zhang RY, Yang ZK, Hu J, Shen WF. Impact of diabetes and stenosis of donor artery on pressure-derived coronary collateral flow in patients with stable coronary artery disease and CTO. Eur Heart J. 2017;38(suppl-1):1752.
75.
Biscetti F, Straface G, Arena V, Stigliano E, Pecorini G, Rizzo P, et al. Pioglitazone enhances collateral blood flow in ischemic hindlimb of diabetic mice through an Akt-dependent VEGF-mediated mechanism, regardless of PPARγ stimulation. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2009;8:49.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
76.
ACCORD Study Group, Cushman WC, Evans GW, Byington RP, Goff DC Jr, Grimm RH Jr, Cutler JA, et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(17):1575–85.CrossRef
77.
Ladwiniec A, Hoye A. The hemodynamic effects of collateral donation to a CTO: implications for patient management. Int J Cardiol. 2015;196:159–66.CrossRef
78.
Seiler C, Fleisch M, Meier B. Direct intracoronary evidence of collateral steal in humans. Circulation. 1997;96(12):4261–7.CrossRefPubMed
79.
Dincer I, Ongun A, Turhan S, Ozdol C, Kumbasar D, Erol C. Association between the dosage and duration of statin treatment with coronary collateral development. Coron Artery Dis. 2006;17(6):561–6.CrossRefPubMed
80.
van der Heoven NW, Teunissen PF, Werner GS, Delewi R, Schirmer SH, Traupe T, van der Laan AM, Tijssen JG, Piek JJ, Seiler C, van Royen N. Clinical parameters associated with collateral development in patients with chronic coronary total occlusion. Heart. 2013;99(15):1100–5.CrossRef
81.
Schirmer SH, Degen A, Baumhakel M, Custodis F, Schuh L, Kohlhaas M, Friedrich E, Bahlmann F, Kappl R, Maack C, et al. Heart rate reduction by If-channel inhibition with ivabradine restores collateral artery growth in hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(10):1223–31.CrossRefPubMed
82.
Altin T, Kilickap M, Tutar E, Turhan S, Atmaca Y, Gulec S, Oral D, Erol C. The relationship of chronic angiotensin enzyme inhibitor use and coronary collateral vessel development. Int Heart J. 2007;48(4):435–42.CrossRefPubMed
83.
Khan MF, Wendel CS, Thai HM, Movahed MR. Effects of percutaneous revascularization of CTOs on clinical outcomes: a meta-analysis comparing successful versus failed percutaneous intervention for CTO. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2013;82(1):95–107.CrossRefPubMed
84.
Kennedy MW, Fabris E, Suryapranata H, Kedhi E. Is ischemia the only factor predicting cardiovascular outcomes in all diabetes mellitus patients? Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2017;16:15.CrossRef
85.
Blundhun PK, Wu ZJ, Chen MH. Coronary artery bypass surgery compared with percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systemic review and meta-analysis of 6 randomized controlled trials. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016;15:2.CrossRef
86.
Choi KH, Yang JH, Song YB, Hahn JY, Choi JH, Gwon HC, Lee SH, Choi SH. Long-term clinical outcomes of patients with coronary CTO treated with percutaneous coronary intervention versus medical therapy according to presence of diabetes mellitus. EuroIntervention. 2017;13(8):970–7.CrossRefPubMed
87.
Sanguineti F, Garot P, O’Connor S, Watanabe Y, Spaziano M, Lefèvre T, Hovasse T, Benamer H, Unterseeh T, Chevalier B, et al. Chronic total coronary occlusion treated by percutaneous coronary intervention: long-term outcome in patients with and without diabetes. EuroIntervention. 2017;12(15):e1889–97.CrossRefPubMed
88.
Ladwiniee A, Connington MS, Rossington J, Mather AN, Alahmar A, Oliver RM, Nijjer SS, Davies JE, Thackray S, Alamgir F, et al. Collateral donor artery physiology and the influence if a CTO on fractional flow reserve. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2015;8(7):e002219.CrossRef
89.
Lu L, Wang YN, Li MC, Wang HB, Pu LJ, Niu WQ, Meng H, Yang EL, Zhang RY, Zhang Q, et al. Reduced serum levels of vasostatin-2, an antiinflammatory peptide derived from chromogranin A, are associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J. 2012;23(18):2297–306.CrossRef
90.
Shantikumar S, Caporali AC, Emanueli C. Role of microRNAs in diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. Cardiovasc Res. 2012;93(4):583–93.CrossRefPubMed
91.
Papageorgiou N, Zacharia E, Tousoulis D. Association between microRNAs and coronary collateral circulation: is there a new role for the small non-coding RNAs? Ann Transl Med. 2016;4(11):223.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
92.
Kadi H, Ozyurt H, Ceyhan K, Koc F, Celik A, Burucu T. The relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary collateral circulation in patients with coronary artery disease. J Investig Med. 2012;60(5):808–12.CrossRefPubMed
93.
Pu LJ, Lu L, Du R, Wang XQ, Zhang RY, Zhang Q, Yang ZK, Chen QJ, Shen WF. Glycation of apoprotein A-I is associated with coronary artery plaque progression in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(5):1312–20.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
94.
Shen Y, Lu L, Sun JT, Zhang RY, Ding FH, Pu LJ, Chen QJ, Shen WF, Lu L. Glycation of apoA-I is associated with reduced levels and activities of paraoxonase 1 and 3 in serum and in HDL, and with severity of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2015;14:52.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
95.
Dai Y, Shen Y, Li QR, Ding FH, Wang XQ, Sun JT, Yan XX, Wang LJ, Yang K, Wang HB, et al. Association of apolipoprotein A-IV glycation with the severity of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetic patients: glycated apolipoprotein A-IV promoting atherogenesis through mediation of nuclear receptor NR4A3. Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(16):2006–19.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Reduced coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic total occlusion
Authors
Ying Shen
Feng Hua Ding
Yang Dai
Xiao Qun Wang
Rui Yan Zhang
Lin Lu
Wei Feng Shen
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Cardiovascular Diabetology / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-018-0671-6

Other articles of this Issue 1/2018

Cardiovascular Diabetology 1/2018 Go to the issue

Original investigation

Development of predictive risk models for major adverse cardiovascular events among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using health insurance claims data

Original investigation

Increased glycated albumin and decreased esRAGE levels in serum are related to negative coronary artery remodeling in patients with type 2 diabetes: an Intravascular ultrasound study

Original investigation

MicroRNA-19a contributes to the epigenetic regulation of tissue factor in diabetes

Original investigation

Linagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes after acute coronary syndrome or acute ischemic stroke

Commentary

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and homoarginine (hArg): the ADMA, SDMA and hArg paradoxes

Review

Molecular mechanism of diabetic cardiomyopathy and modulation of microRNA function by synthetic oligonucleotides
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits