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BMC Psychiatry

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Open Access 01-12-2017 | Debate

Borderline personality disorder and childhood trauma: exploring the affected biological systems and mechanisms

Authors: Nadia Cattane, Roberta Rossi, Mariangela Lanfredi, Annamaria Cattaneo

Published in: BMC Psychiatry | Issue 1/2017

Abstract

Background

According to several studies, the onset of the Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) depends on the combination between genetic and environmental factors (GxE), in particular between biological vulnerabilities and the exposure to traumatic experiences during childhood. We have searched for studies reporting possible alterations in several biological processes and brain morphological features in relation to childhood trauma experiences and to BPD. We have also looked for epigenetic mechanisms as they could be mediators of the effects of childhood trauma in BPD vulnerability.

Discussion

We prove the role of alterations in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis, in neurotrasmission, in the endogenous opioid system and in neuroplasticity in the childhood trauma-associated vulnerability to develop BPD; we also confirm the presence of morphological changes in several BPD brain areas and in particular in those involved in stress response.

Summary

Not so many studies are available on epigenetic changes in BPD patients, although these mechanisms are widely investigated in relation to stress-related disorders. A better comprehension of the biological and epigenetic mechanisms, affected by childhood trauma and altered in BPD patients, could allow to identify “at high risk” subjects and to prevent or minimize the development of the disease later in life.

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Title: Borderline personality disorder and childhood trauma: exploring the affected biological systems and mechanisms
Authors: Nadia Cattane
Roberta Rossi
Mariangela Lanfredi
Annamaria Cattaneo
Publication date: 01-12-2017
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: BMC Psychiatry / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1471-244X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1383-2

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Borderline personality disorder and childhood trauma: exploring the affected biological systems and mechanisms

Abstract

Background

Discussion

Summary

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Discussion

Summary

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