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Open Access 01-12-2022 | Human Papillomavirus | Research

Genetic diversity in L1 ORF of human papillomavirus in women with cervical cancer with and without human immunodeficiency virus in Botswana and Kenya

Authors: Leabaneng Tawe, Wonderful T. Choga, Giacomo M. Paganotti, Ontlametse T. Bareng, Tlhalefo D. Ntereke, Pleasure Ramatlho, Doreen Ditshwanelo, Simani Gaseitsiwe, Ishmael Kasvosve, Doreen Ramogola-Masire, Omenge E. Orang’o, Erle Robertson, Nicola Zetola, Sikhulile Moyo, Surbhi Grover, Aaron C. Ermel

Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

Background

The variation of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes shapes the risks of cervical cancer and these variations are not well defined in Africa. Nucleotide changes within the L1 gene, nucleotide variability, and phylogeny were explored in relation to HIV in samples from Botswana and Kenya.

Methods

A total of 98 HPV-positive cervical samples were sequenced to identify different HPV variants. Phylogenetic inferences were used to determine HPV genotypes and investigate the clustering of sequences between women living with HIV (WLWHIV) and -women not living with HIV (WNLWHIV).

Results

Out of 98 generated sequences, 83.7% (82/98) participants had high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes while 16.3% (16/98) had low-risk (LR) HPV genotypes. Among participants with HR-HPV genotypes, 47.6% (39/82) were coinfected with HIV. The prevalence of HR-HPV genotypes was statistically higher in the Botswana population compared to Kenya (p-value < 0.001). Multiple amino acid mutations were identified in both countries. Genetic diversity differed considerably among WLWHIV and WNLWHIV. The mean pairwise distances between HPV-16 between HIV and HIV/HPV as well as for HPV-18 were statistically significant. Six (6) new deleterious mutations were identified in the HPV genotypes based on the sequencing of the L1 region, HPV-16 (L441P, S343P), HPV-18 (S424P), HPV-45 (Q366H, Y365F), and HPV-84 (F458L). The majority of the patients with these mutations were co-infected with HIV.

Conclusions

Genomic diversity and different genomic variants of HPV sequences were demonstrated. Candidate novel mutations within the L1 gene were identified in both countries which can be further investigated using functional assays.

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Title: Genetic diversity in L1 ORF of human papillomavirus in women with cervical cancer with and without human immunodeficiency virus in Botswana and Kenya
Authors: Leabaneng Tawe
Wonderful T. Choga
Giacomo M. Paganotti
Ontlametse T. Bareng
Tlhalefo D. Ntereke
Pleasure Ramatlho
Doreen Ditshwanelo
Simani Gaseitsiwe
Ishmael Kasvosve
Doreen Ramogola-Masire
Omenge E. Orang’o
Erle Robertson
Nicola Zetola
Sikhulile Moyo
Surbhi Grover
Aaron C. Ermel
Publication date: 01-12-2022
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Human Papillomavirus
Cervical Cancer
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Cervical Cancer
Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2334
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07081-3

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Genetic diversity in L1 ORF of human papillomavirus in women with cervical cancer with and without human immunodeficiency virus in Botswana and Kenya

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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