Skip to main content
Top
Published in: BMC Geriatrics 1/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Care | Research article

The influence of organizational factors on the attitudes of residential care staff toward the sexuality of residents with dementia

Authors: Tineke S. M. Roelofs, Katrien G. Luijkx, Marielle C. M. Cloin, Petri J. C. M. Embregts

Published in: BMC Geriatrics | Issue 1/2019

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

The attitudes of care staff toward the sexuality of residents with dementia they care for is assumed to influence the residents’ expression of their sexuality in the way they want. This paper examines the effect of organizational factors, person-centered care, and the culture of the organization on the attitudes of care staff toward the sexuality of residents with dementia in residential care facilities (RCF) .

Methods

Care staff in different functions at six RCF organizations (N = 187) participated. Using a survey, we gathered information on demographics and care-staff careers, attitudes toward resident sexuality, the culture of the organization, person-centered care, and knowledge of resident sexuality. Ordinary least square (OLS) hierarchical analyses were performed to analyze results.

Results

Care staff attitudes were found to be positively affected by person-centered care, and marginally positively affected by a supportive culture in the organization, Moreover, knowledge of resident sexuality positively affected care staff ‘attitudes toward resident sexuality, and the presence of policy regarding resident sexuality affected them negatively .

Conclusions

Despite different study limitations, these results give a first insight in a broad perspective on care staff attitudes toward resident sexuality. In addition to improving knowledge of the care staff, enhancing person-centered care and a supportive culture in the organization will improve care-staff attitudes toward resident sexuality.
Literature
1.
go back to reference World Health Organization. WHO working definition of sexuality. 2006. World Health Organization. WHO working definition of sexuality. 2006.
2.
go back to reference Bauer M, McAuliffe L, Nay R. Sexuality, health care and the older person: an overview of the literature. Int J Older People Nursing. 2007;2(1):63–8.CrossRef Bauer M, McAuliffe L, Nay R. Sexuality, health care and the older person: an overview of the literature. Int J Older People Nursing. 2007;2(1):63–8.CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Zanni GR, Wick JY, Walker BL. Sexual health and the elderly. Consultant Pharmacist. 2003;18(4):310–24. Zanni GR, Wick JY, Walker BL. Sexual health and the elderly. Consultant Pharmacist. 2003;18(4):310–24.
4.
go back to reference Ward R, Vass AA, Aggarwal N, Garfield C, Cybyk B. A kiss is still a kiss? The construction of sexuality in dementia care. Dementia: The International Journal of Social Research and Practice. 2005;4(1):49–72.CrossRef Ward R, Vass AA, Aggarwal N, Garfield C, Cybyk B. A kiss is still a kiss? The construction of sexuality in dementia care. Dementia: The International Journal of Social Research and Practice. 2005;4(1):49–72.CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Benbow SM, Beeston D. Sexuality, aging, and dementia. Int Psychogeriatr. 2012;24(7):1026–33.CrossRef Benbow SM, Beeston D. Sexuality, aging, and dementia. Int Psychogeriatr. 2012;24(7):1026–33.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Hajjar RR, Kamel HK. Sexuality in the nursing home, part 1: attitudes and barriers to sexual expression. J Am Med= Directors Association. 2004;(Supplement):s43–s7. Hajjar RR, Kamel HK. Sexuality in the nursing home, part 1: attitudes and barriers to sexual expression. J Am Med= Directors Association. 2004;(Supplement):s43–s7.
7.
go back to reference Ehrenfeld M, Bronner G, Tabak N, Alpert R, Bergman R. Sexuality among institutionalized elderly patients with dementia. Nurs Ethics. 1999;6(2):144–9.CrossRef Ehrenfeld M, Bronner G, Tabak N, Alpert R, Bergman R. Sexuality among institutionalized elderly patients with dementia. Nurs Ethics. 1999;6(2):144–9.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Zeiss AM, Davies HD, Tinklenber JR. An observational study of sexual behavior in demented male patients. J Gerontol 1996;51 A(6):M325-M9. Zeiss AM, Davies HD, Tinklenber JR. An observational study of sexual behavior in demented male patients. J Gerontol 1996;51 A(6):M325-M9.
9.
go back to reference Holmes D, Reingold J, Teresi J. Sexual expression and dementia: views of caregivers: a pilot study. Int J Geriatric Psychiatry. 1997;12(7):696–701.CrossRef Holmes D, Reingold J, Teresi J. Sexual expression and dementia: views of caregivers: a pilot study. Int J Geriatric Psychiatry. 1997;12(7):696–701.CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Di Napoli EA, Breland GL, Allen RS. Staff knowledge and perceptions of sexuality and dementia of older adults in nursing homes. J Aging and Health. 2013;25(7):1087–105.CrossRef Di Napoli EA, Breland GL, Allen RS. Staff knowledge and perceptions of sexuality and dementia of older adults in nursing homes. J Aging and Health. 2013;25(7):1087–105.CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Mahieu L, Dierckx de Casterle B, Acke J, Vandermarliere H, Van Elssen K, Fieuws S, et al. Nurses'knowledge and attitudes toward aged sexuality in Flemish nursing homes. Nurs Ethics. 2015;6:1–19. Mahieu L, Dierckx de Casterle B, Acke J, Vandermarliere H, Van Elssen K, Fieuws S, et al. Nurses'knowledge and attitudes toward aged sexuality in Flemish nursing homes. Nurs Ethics. 2015;6:1–19.
12.
go back to reference Mayers KS. Sexuality and the patient with dementia. Sex Disabil. 1994;12(3):213–9.CrossRef Mayers KS. Sexuality and the patient with dementia. Sex Disabil. 1994;12(3):213–9.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Archibald C. Sexuality and dementia in residential care--whose responsibility? Sex Relatsh Ther. 2002;17(3):301–9.CrossRef Archibald C. Sexuality and dementia in residential care--whose responsibility? Sex Relatsh Ther. 2002;17(3):301–9.CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Roach SM. Sexual behaviour of nursing home residents: staff perceptions and responses. J Adv Nurs. 2004;48(4):371–9.CrossRef Roach SM. Sexual behaviour of nursing home residents: staff perceptions and responses. J Adv Nurs. 2004;48(4):371–9.CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Doll GM. Sexuality in nursing homes: practice and policy. J Gerontol Nurs. 2013;39(7):30–7 quiz 8-9.CrossRef Doll GM. Sexuality in nursing homes: practice and policy. J Gerontol Nurs. 2013;39(7):30–7 quiz 8-9.CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Bouman WP, Arcelus J, Benbow SM. Nottingham study of sexuality and ageing (NoSSA II). Attitudes of care staff regarding sexuality and residents: a study in residential and nursing homes. Sex Relatsh Ther. 2007;22(1):45–61.CrossRef Bouman WP, Arcelus J, Benbow SM. Nottingham study of sexuality and ageing (NoSSA II). Attitudes of care staff regarding sexuality and residents: a study in residential and nursing homes. Sex Relatsh Ther. 2007;22(1):45–61.CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Mayers KS, McBride D. Sexuality training for caretakers of geriatric residents in long term care facilities. Sex Disabil. 1998;16(3):227–36.CrossRef Mayers KS, McBride D. Sexuality training for caretakers of geriatric residents in long term care facilities. Sex Disabil. 1998;16(3):227–36.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Roelofs TSM, Luijkx KG, Embregts PJCM. Intimacy and sexuality of nursing home residents with dementia: a systematic review. Int Psychogeriatr. 2015;27(3):367–84.CrossRef Roelofs TSM, Luijkx KG, Embregts PJCM. Intimacy and sexuality of nursing home residents with dementia: a systematic review. Int Psychogeriatr. 2015;27(3):367–84.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Scott T, Mannion R, Davies H, Marshall M. The quantitative measurement of organizational culture in health care: a review of the available instruments. Health Serv Res. 2003;38(3):923–45.CrossRef Scott T, Mannion R, Davies H, Marshall M. The quantitative measurement of organizational culture in health care: a review of the available instruments. Health Serv Res. 2003;38(3):923–45.CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Archibald C. Sexuality, dementia and residential care: managers report and response. Health & Social Care in the Community. 1998;6(2):95–101.CrossRef Archibald C. Sexuality, dementia and residential care: managers report and response. Health & Social Care in the Community. 1998;6(2):95–101.CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Edvardsson D, Winblad B, Sandman P. Person-centered care of people with severe Alzheimer's disease: current status and ways forward. the Lancet neurology. 2008;7(4):362–7.CrossRef Edvardsson D, Winblad B, Sandman P. Person-centered care of people with severe Alzheimer's disease: current status and ways forward. the Lancet neurology. 2008;7(4):362–7.CrossRef
22.
go back to reference McCormack B, Dewing J, Breslin L, Coyne N, A.,, Kennedy K, Manning M, et al. Developing person-centred practice: nursing outcomes arising from changes to the care enviroment in residential settings for older people. Int J Older People Nursing 2010;5:93–107. McCormack B, Dewing J, Breslin L, Coyne N, A.,, Kennedy K, Manning M, et al. Developing person-centred practice: nursing outcomes arising from changes to the care enviroment in residential settings for older people. Int J Older People Nursing 2010;5:93–107.
23.
go back to reference Field A. Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. fourth ed. London: Sage Publications Ltd; 2013. Field A. Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. fourth ed. London: Sage Publications Ltd; 2013.
24.
go back to reference Mahieu L, Dierckx de Casterle B, Van Elssen K, Gastmans C. Nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards aged sexuality: validity and internal consistency of the Dutch version of the aging sexual knowledge and attitudes scale. J Adv Nurs. 2013;69(11):2584–96.PubMed Mahieu L, Dierckx de Casterle B, Van Elssen K, Gastmans C. Nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards aged sexuality: validity and internal consistency of the Dutch version of the aging sexual knowledge and attitudes scale. J Adv Nurs. 2013;69(11):2584–96.PubMed
25.
go back to reference White CB. Sexual interest, attitudes, knowledge, and sexual history in relation to sexual behavior in the institutionalized aged. Arch Sex Behav. 1982;11(1):11–21.CrossRef White CB. Sexual interest, attitudes, knowledge, and sexual history in relation to sexual behavior in the institutionalized aged. Arch Sex Behav. 1982;11(1):11–21.CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Edvardsson D, Fetherstonhaugh D, Nay R, Gibson S. Development and initial testing of the person-centered care Assassment tool (P-CAT). Int Psychogeriatr. 2010;22(1):101–8.CrossRef Edvardsson D, Fetherstonhaugh D, Nay R, Gibson S. Development and initial testing of the person-centered care Assassment tool (P-CAT). Int Psychogeriatr. 2010;22(1):101–8.CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Brislin RW. Back translation for cross-cultural research. J Cross-Cult Psychol. 1970;1(3):185–216.CrossRef Brislin RW. Back translation for cross-cultural research. J Cross-Cult Psychol. 1970;1(3):185–216.CrossRef
28.
go back to reference van Muijen JJ, Koopman P, De Witte K, de Cock G, Susanj Z, Lemoine C, et al. Organizational culture: the Focus questionnaire. European Journal of work and organizational psychology. 1999;8(4):551–68.CrossRef van Muijen JJ, Koopman P, De Witte K, de Cock G, Susanj Z, Lemoine C, et al. Organizational culture: the Focus questionnaire. European Journal of work and organizational psychology. 1999;8(4):551–68.CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Quinn RE. Beyond rational management. San Fransisco: Jossey-Bass; 1988. Quinn RE. Beyond rational management. San Fransisco: Jossey-Bass; 1988.
30.
go back to reference Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner AL. A. G. statistical power analyses using G*power 3.1: tests for corrlation and regression analyses. Behav Res Methods. 2009;41:1149–60.CrossRef Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner AL. A. G. statistical power analyses using G*power 3.1: tests for corrlation and regression analyses. Behav Res Methods. 2009;41:1149–60.CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Chenoweth L, King MT, Jeon Y, Brodaty H, Stein-Parbury J, Norman R, et al. Caring for aged dementia care residents study (CADRES) of person-centred care, dementia-care mapping, and usual care in dementia: a cluster randomised trial. Lancet Neurol. 2009;8:317–25.CrossRef Chenoweth L, King MT, Jeon Y, Brodaty H, Stein-Parbury J, Norman R, et al. Caring for aged dementia care residents study (CADRES) of person-centred care, dementia-care mapping, and usual care in dementia: a cluster randomised trial. Lancet Neurol. 2009;8:317–25.CrossRef
32.
go back to reference Moore L, Britten N, Lydahl D, Naldemirci O, Elam M, Wolf A. Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of person-centred care in different healthcare contexts. Scand J Caring Sci. 2016;31(4):662–73.CrossRef Moore L, Britten N, Lydahl D, Naldemirci O, Elam M, Wolf A. Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of person-centred care in different healthcare contexts. Scand J Caring Sci. 2016;31(4):662–73.CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Roelofs TSM, Luijkx KG, Embregts PJCM. Love, intimacy and sexuality in residential dementia care: a spousal perspective. Dementia. 2017. Roelofs TSM, Luijkx KG, Embregts PJCM. Love, intimacy and sexuality in residential dementia care: a spousal perspective. Dementia. 2017.
34.
go back to reference Neeleman A. Seksualiteit. In: Pot AM, Kuin Y, Vink M, editors. Handboek Ouderenpsychologie. Utrecht: de Tijdstroom; 2012. p. 236–52. Neeleman A. Seksualiteit. In: Pot AM, Kuin Y, Vink M, editors. Handboek Ouderenpsychologie. Utrecht: de Tijdstroom; 2012. p. 236–52.
Metadata
Title
The influence of organizational factors on the attitudes of residential care staff toward the sexuality of residents with dementia
Authors
Tineke S. M. Roelofs
Katrien G. Luijkx
Marielle C. M. Cloin
Petri J. C. M. Embregts
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Geriatrics / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2318
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-1023-9

Other articles of this Issue 1/2019

BMC Geriatrics 1/2019 Go to the issue
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.