Published in:
Open Access 01-12-2023 | Central Venous Catheter | Research
Contrast media extravasation injury: a prospective observational cohort study
Published in: European Journal of Medical Research | Issue 1/2023
Login to get accessAbstract
Objective
To identify the risk factors for moderate and severe contrast media extravasation and provide effective guidance to reduce the degree of extravasation injuries.
Methods
We observed 224 adult patients who underwent contrast media extravasation at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, and Xiangya Changde Hospital, Hunan Province between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2022. Risk factors for moderate extravasation injuries were evaluated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.
Results
Among 224 patients, 0 (0%) had severe, 18 (8.0%) had moderate, and 206 (92.0%) had mild contrast media extravasation injury. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed malignant tumors (odds ratio [OR] = 6.992, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.674–29.208), Iohexol (OR = 9.343, 95% CI 1.280–68.214), large-volume (> 50 mL) extravasation (OR = 5.773, 95% CI 1.350‒24.695), and injection site (back of the hand) (OR = 13.491, 95% CI 3.056–59.560) as independent risk factors for moderate injury.
Conclusion
Risk factors for moderate contrast media extravasation injury are malignant tumors, iohexol, large-volume (> 50 mL) extravasation, and back-of-the-hand injection. Analysis of these risk factors can help reduce the degree of injury after extravasation.
Clinical relevance statement
High-risk patients with extravasation support should choose the appropriate contrast media type, avoiding back-of-the-hand injections. We recommend that patients with cancer be implanted with a high-pressure resistant central venous catheter and receive effective measures to timely detect and reduce extravasation.