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Current Obesity Reports

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01-09-2019 | Obesity | Metabolism (M Dalamaga, Section Editor)

Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites in Obesity and Obesity-Associated Metabolic Disorders: Current Evidence and Perspectives

Authors: Natalia Vallianou, Theodora Stratigou, Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos, Maria Dalamaga

Published in: Current Obesity Reports | Issue 3/2019

Abstract

Purpose

In this review, we summarize current evidence on the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites in relation to obesity and obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Special emphasis is given on mechanisms interconnecting gut microbiome and microbial metabolites with metabolic disorders as well as on potential preventive and therapeutic perspectives with a “bench to bedside” approach.

Recent Findings

Recent data have highlighted the role of gut dysbiosis in the etiology and pathogenesis of metabolic disorders, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Overall, most studies have demonstrated a reduction in gut microbiome diversity and richness in obese subjects, but there is still much debate on the exact microbial signature of a healthy or an obese gut microbiome. Despite the controversial role of an altered gut microbiome as a cause or consequence of obesity in human studies, numerous animal studies and certain human studies suggest beneficial metabolic effects of certain microbial intestinal metabolites, such as butyrate, that could be used in the prevention and treatment of obesity and its comorbidities.

Summary

More randomized controlled trials and larger prospective studies including well-defined cohorts as well as a multi-omics approach are warranted to better identify the associations between the gut microbiome, microbial metabolites, and obesity and its metabolic complications.

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Title: Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites in Obesity and Obesity-Associated Metabolic Disorders: Current Evidence and Perspectives
Authors: Natalia Vallianou
Theodora Stratigou
Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos
Maria Dalamaga
Publication date: 01-09-2019
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Obesity
Obesity
Probiotics
Fatty Liver
Respiratory Microbiota
Published in: Current Obesity Reports / Issue 3/2019
Electronic ISSN: 2162-4968
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-019-00352-2

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Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites in Obesity and Obesity-Associated Metabolic Disorders: Current Evidence and Perspectives

Abstract

Purpose

Recent Findings

Summary

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Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

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Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

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Abstract

Purpose

Recent Findings

Summary

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