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Immunologic Research
Published in: Immunologic Research 2/2017

01-04-2017 | Novel Aspects in Lupus, 2017

Prolactin has a pathogenic role in systemic lupus erythematosus

Authors: Luis J. Jara, Gabriela Medina, Miguel A. Saavedra, Olga Vera-Lastra, Honorio Torres-Aguilar, Carmen Navarro, Monica Vazquez del Mercado, Luis R. Espinoza

Published in: Immunologic Research | Issue 2/2017

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Abstract

Prolactin, a 23-kDa peptide hormone, is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and extrapituitary sites including the immune cells. Prolactin (PRL) participates in innate and adaptive immune response. PRL stimulates the immune cells by binding to receptor (PRL-R). Binding of PRL to its receptor activates the Janus kinase-signal transducer (JAK-STAT). Activation of these cascades results in endpoints such as immunoestimulator and immunosupressor action. Prolactin belongs to the network of immune-neuroendocrine interaction. Hyperprolactinemia has been found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and new evidence has confirmed a significant correlation between serum PRL levels and disease activity. PRL participates in activation of SLE during pregnancy and in pathogenesis of lupus nephritis, neuropsychiatric, serosal, hematologic, articular, and cutaneous involvement. Hyperprolactinemia was associated with increase IgG concentrations, anti-DNA antibodies, immune complex, glomerulonephritis, and accelerated mortality in murine lupus. Bromocriptine, a dopamine analog that suppresses PRL secretion, was associated with decreased lupus activity, prolonged lifespan, and restoration of immune competence in experimental model. In clinical trials, bromocriptine and derivative drugs showed beneficial therapeutic effect in treating human lupus, including pregnancy. Taken together, clinical and experimental results leave little doubt that PRL indeed contributes to the pathogenesis and clinical expression of SLE.
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Metadata
Title
Prolactin has a pathogenic role in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors
Luis J. Jara
Gabriela Medina
Miguel A. Saavedra
Olga Vera-Lastra
Honorio Torres-Aguilar
Carmen Navarro
Monica Vazquez del Mercado
Luis R. Espinoza
Publication date
01-04-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Immunologic Research / Issue 2/2017
Print ISSN: 0257-277X
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0755
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-016-8891-x

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