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Cardiovascular Toxicology
Published in: Cardiovascular Toxicology 5/2019

01-10-2019

Toxic Effects of Particulate Matter Derived from Dust Samples Near the Dzhidinski Ore Processing Mill, Eastern Siberia, Russia

Authors: Katherine E. Zychowski, Abigail Wheeler, Bethany Sanchez, Molly Harmon, Christina R. Steadman Tyler, Guy Herbert, Selita N. Lucas, Abdul-Mehdi Ali, Sumant Avasarala, Nitesh Kunda, Paul Robinson, Pavan Muttil, Jose M. Cerrato, Barry Bleske, Olga Smirnova, Matthew J. Campen

Published in: Cardiovascular Toxicology | Issue 5/2019

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Abstract

Ambient particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity, an effect influenced by the metal components of the PM. We characterized five sediment samples obtained near a tungsten–molybdenum ore-processing complex in Zakamensk, Russia for elemental composition and PM toxicity with regard to pulmonary, vascular, and neurological outcomes. Elemental and trace metals analysis of complete sediment and PM10 (the respirable fraction, < 10 µm mass mean aerodynamic diameter) were performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Sediment samples and PM10 consisted largely of silicon and iron and silicon and sodium, respectively. Trace metals including manganese and uranium in the complete sediment, as well as copper and lead in the PM10 were observed. Notably, metal concentrations were approximately 10 × higher in the PM10 than in the sediment. Exposure to 100 µg of PM10 via oropharyngeal aspiration in C56BL/6 mice resulted in pulmonary inflammation across all groups. In addition, mice exposed to three of the five PM10 samples exhibited impaired endothelial-dependent relaxation, and correlative analysis revealed associations between pulmonary inflammation and levels of lead and cadmium. A tendency for elevated cortical ccl2 and Tnf-α mRNA expression was induced by all samples and significant upregulation was noted following exposure to PM10 samples Z3 and Z4, respectively. Cortical Nqo1 mRNA levels were significantly upregulated in mice exposed to PM10 Z2. In conclusion, pulmonary exposure to PM samples from the Zakamensk region sediments induced varied pulmonary and systemic effects that may be influenced by elemental PM composition. Further investigation is needed to pinpoint putative drivers of neurological outcomes.
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Metadata
Title
Toxic Effects of Particulate Matter Derived from Dust Samples Near the Dzhidinski Ore Processing Mill, Eastern Siberia, Russia
Authors
Katherine E. Zychowski
Abigail Wheeler
Bethany Sanchez
Molly Harmon
Christina R. Steadman Tyler
Guy Herbert
Selita N. Lucas
Abdul-Mehdi Ali
Sumant Avasarala
Nitesh Kunda
Paul Robinson
Pavan Muttil
Jose M. Cerrato
Barry Bleske
Olga Smirnova
Matthew J. Campen
Publication date
01-10-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Cardiovascular Toxicology / Issue 5/2019
Print ISSN: 1530-7905
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0259
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12012-019-09507-y

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