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Cardiovascular Toxicology
Published in: Cardiovascular Toxicology 3/2017

01-07-2017

Lipid Emulsion Inhibits Apoptosis Induced by a Toxic Dose of Verapamil via the Delta-Opioid Receptor in H9c2 Rat Cardiomyoblasts

Authors: Seong-Ho Ok, Mun Hwan Choi, Il-Woo Shin, Soo Hee Lee, Sebin Kang, Jiah Oh, Jeong Yeol Han, Ju-Tae Sohn

Published in: Cardiovascular Toxicology | Issue 3/2017

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Abstract

The goals of this study were to investigate the effects of lipid emulsion (LE) on apoptosis induced by a toxic dose of verapamil in H9c2 cells and to elucidate the associated cellular mechanism. The effects of LE alone and combined with an inhibitor on the decreases in cell counts and viability induced by verapamil and diltiazem were examined using the MTT assay. The effects of verapamil alone, combined LE and verapamil treatment, and combined inhibitor, LE and verapamil treatment on cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8 and Bax expression, were examined using Western blotting. The effects of verapamil alone and combined with LE on the number of TUNEL-positive H9c2 cells were also examined. LE attenuated the decreases in cell counts and viability induced by verapamil and diltiazem. However, the magnitude of the LE-mediated attenuation of decreased cell viability was enhanced by verapamil compared with diltiazem treatment. Naloxone, naltrindole hydrochloride, LY294002 and MK-2206 inhibited the LE-mediated attenuation of increased cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-8 expression induced by verapamil. LE attenuated the increase in the number of TUNEL-positive cell induced by verapamil. These results suggest that LE attenuates apoptosis induced by verapamil via activation of the delta-opioid receptor, phosphoinositide 3-kinase and Akt.
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Metadata
Title
Lipid Emulsion Inhibits Apoptosis Induced by a Toxic Dose of Verapamil via the Delta-Opioid Receptor in H9c2 Rat Cardiomyoblasts
Authors
Seong-Ho Ok
Mun Hwan Choi
Il-Woo Shin
Soo Hee Lee
Sebin Kang
Jiah Oh
Jeong Yeol Han
Ju-Tae Sohn
Publication date
01-07-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Cardiovascular Toxicology / Issue 3/2017
Print ISSN: 1530-7905
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0259
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12012-016-9392-9

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