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Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology
Published in: Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology 4/2018

01-12-2018 | Pancreas (V Chandrasekhara, Section Editor)

Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis: Current Concepts in the Diagnosis and Management

Authors: Soumya Jagannath, M.D., D.M, Pramod Kumar Garg, M.D., D.M

Published in: Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology | Issue 4/2018

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Abstract

Purpose of review

There have been significant developments in the diagnosis, clinical approach, and management of patients with recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) in the last decade. This review systematically summarizes our current understanding of RAP.

New findings

Gallstones and alcohol are common causes of RAP. Non-alcohol non-biliary RAP (nAnB RAP) is a difficult group of patients after excluding these two causes because extensive workup is required to elucidate the etiology. Idiopathic RAP is diagnosed after excluding all the known causes and recurrence is noted to be higher in such patients. Patients with non-biliary RAP are prone to develop chronic pancreatitis (CP) suggesting a continuum from acute to recurrent to chronic pancreatitis. Often, patients destined to develop CP present at an earlier stage with RAP. Endoscopic ultrasound and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) are the investigations of choice to detect microlithiasis, choledocholithiasis, ductal abnormalities, peri-ampullary malignancies, and early changes of chronic pancreatitis. The role of pancreas divisum, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, and anomalous pancreatobiliary union in causing RAP is controversial. Genetic testing may be advisable in younger patients.

Conclusion

With a focused approach and appropriate investigations, the etiology of RAP can be identified in a significant proportion of patients. Therapeutic options are limited and future research is needed to improve understanding of the disease.
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Metadata
Title
Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis: Current Concepts in the Diagnosis and Management
Authors
Soumya Jagannath, M.D., D.M
Pramod Kumar Garg, M.D., D.M
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology / Issue 4/2018
Print ISSN: 1092-8472
Electronic ISSN: 1534-309X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11938-018-0196-9

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