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Open Access 01-04-2020 | Human Immunodeficiency Virus | HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (AL Landay and NS Utay, Section Editors)

Defining T Cell Tissue Residency in Humans: Implications for HIV Pathogenesis and Vaccine Design

Authors: Barbara L. Shacklett, April L. Ferre, Brenna E. Kiniry

Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports | Issue 2/2020

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review summarizes recent literature defining tissue-resident memory T cells (T_RM) and discusses implications for HIV pathogenesis, vaccines, and eradication efforts.

Recent Findings

Investigations using animal models and human tissues have identified a T_RM transcriptional profile and elucidated signals within the tissue microenvironment leading to T_RM development and maintenance. T_RM are major contributors to host response in infectious diseases and cancer; in addition, T_RM contribute to pathogenic inflammation in a variety of settings. Although T_RM are daunting to study in HIV infection, recent work has helped define their molecular signatures and effector functions and tested strategies for their mobilization.

Summary

Exclusive reliance on blood sampling to gain an understanding of host immunity overlooks the contribution of T_RM, which differ in significant ways from their counterparts in circulation. It is hoped that greater understanding of these cells will lead to novel approaches to prevent and/or eradicate HIV infection.

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Title: Defining T Cell Tissue Residency in Humans: Implications for HIV Pathogenesis and Vaccine Design
Authors: Barbara L. Shacklett
April L. Ferre
Brenna E. Kiniry
Publication date: 01-04-2020
Publisher: Springer US
Keyword: Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports / Issue 2/2020
Print ISSN: 1548-3568
Electronic ISSN: 1548-3576
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-020-00481-7

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