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01-07-2016 | Small Intestine (D Sachar, Section Editor)

Immunogenetic Pathogenesis of Celiac Disease and Non-celiac Gluten Sensitivity

Authors: Celia Escudero-Hernández, Amado Salvador Peña, David Bernardo

Published in: Current Gastroenterology Reports | Issue 7/2016

Abstract

Celiac disease is the most common oral intolerance in Western countries. It results from an immune response towards gluten proteins from certain cereals in genetically predisposed individuals (HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8). Its pathogenesis involves the adaptive (HLA molecules, transglutaminase 2, dendritic cells, and CD4⁺ T-cells) and the innate immunity with an IL-15-mediated response elicited in the intraepithelial compartment. At present, the only treatment is a permanent strict gluten-free diet (GFD). Multidisciplinary studies have provided a deeper insight of the genetic and immunological factors and their interaction with the microbiota in the pathogenesis of the disease. Similarly, a better understanding of the composition of the toxic gluten peptides has improved the ways to detect them in food and drinks and how to monitor GFD compliance via non-invasive approaches. This review, therefore, addresses the major findings obtained in the last few years including the re-discovery of non-celiac gluten sensitivity.

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Title: Immunogenetic Pathogenesis of Celiac Disease and Non-celiac Gluten Sensitivity
Authors: Celia Escudero-Hernández
Amado Salvador Peña
David Bernardo
Publication date: 01-07-2016
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Current Gastroenterology Reports / Issue 7/2016
Print ISSN: 1522-8037
Electronic ISSN: 1534-312X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-016-0512-2

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