Top

International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction

Published in:

01-08-2016

The Interaction of Gambling Outcome and Gambling Harm-Minimisation Strategies for Electronic Gambling: the Efficacy of Computer Generated Self-Appraisal Messaging

Authors: Andrew Harris, Adrian Parke

Published in: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction | Issue 4/2016

Abstract

It has been argued that generating pop-up messages during electronic gambling sessions, which cause a player to engage in self-appraisal of their gambling behaviour, instil greater control and awareness of behaviour (Monaghan, Computers in Human Behaviour, 25, 202–207, 2009). Consideration for the potential interaction between the messaging’s efficacy and gambling outcome (winning or losing) is lacking however. Thirty participants took part in a repeated-measures experiment where they gambled on the outcome of a computer-simulated gambling task. Outcome was manipulated by the experimenter to induce winning and losing streaks. Participants gambled at a significantly faster speed and a higher average stake size, which resulted in a greater betting intensity in the Loss condition compared to the Win condition. Computer generated self-appraisal messaging was then applied during the gambling session, which was able to significantly reduce the average speed of betting in the Loss condition only, demonstrating an interaction effect between computer generated messaging and gambling outcome.

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM- IV (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

Association of British Bookmakers. (2013). The ABB’s code for responsible gambling and player protection in licensed betting offices in Great Britain. Retrieved November 11, 2013, from www.abb.uk.com.

Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Finkenauer, C., & Vohs, K. D. (2001). Bad is stronger than good. Review of General Psychology, 5, 323–370.CrossRef

Benhsain, K., Taillefer, A., & Ladouceur, R. (2004). Awareness of independence of events and erroneous perceptions while gambling. Addictive Behaviours, 29, 299–304.CrossRef

Blaszczynski, A., Ladouceur, R., & Shaffer, H. J. (2004). A science-based framework for responsible gambling: the Reno model. Journal of Gambling Studies, 20(3), 301–317.CrossRefPubMed

Breen, H., & Zimmerman, M. (2002). Rapid onset of pathological gambling in machine gamblers. Journal of Gambling Studies, 18, 31–43.CrossRefPubMed

British Gambling Prevalence Survey. (2007). Retrieved December 11, 2013, from http://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/PDF/Britsh%20Gambling%20Prevalence%20Survey%202007%20-%20Sept%202007.pdf.

British Gambling Prevalence Survey. (2010). Retrieved December 11, 2013, from http://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/PDF/British%20Gambling%20Prevalence%20Survey%202010.pdf.

Broadbent, D. E. (1971). Decision and stress. London: Academic.

Buhle, J., & Wager, T. D. (2010). Performance-dependent inhibition of pain by an executive working memory task. Pain, 149, 19–26.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Chajut, E., & Algom, D. (2003). Selective attention improves under stress: implications for theories of social cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 231–248.CrossRefPubMed

Cloutier, M., Ladouceur, R., & Sevigny, S. (2006). Responsible gambling tools: pop-up messages and pauses on video lottery terminals. The Journal of Psychology, 140(5), 434–438.CrossRefPubMed

David, J. P., Green, P. J., Martin, R., & Suls, J. (1997). Differential roles of neuroticism, extraversion, and event desirability for mood in daily life: an integrative model of top-down and bottom-up influences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 149–159.CrossRefPubMed

Diskin, K., & Hodgins, D. (1999). Narrowing of attention and dissociation in pathological video lottery gamblers. Journal of Gambling Studies, 15, 17–28.CrossRefPubMed

Donaldson, S. I., & Grant-Vallone, E. J. (2002). Understanding self-report bias in organizational behaviour research. Journal of Business and Psychology, 17(2), 245–260.CrossRef

Dong, G., Lin, X., Hu, Y., & Lu, Q. (2013). Brain activity in advantageous and disadvantageous situations: implications for reward/punishment sensitivity in different situations. PLoS ONE, 8(11), e80232.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Droit-Volet, S., Brunot, S., & Niedenthal, P. M. (2004). Perception of the duration of emotional events. Cognition & Emotion, 18, 849–858.CrossRef

Gable, P. A., & Poole, B. D. (2012). Time flies when you're having approach-motivated fun: Effects of motivational intensity on time perception. Retrieved January 7, 2014, from http://pss.sagepub.com/content/23/8/879.

Gainsbury, S. M., Suhonen, N., & Saastamoinen, J. (2014). Chasing losses in online poker and casino games: characteristics and game play of Internet gamblers at risk of disordered gambling. Psychiatry Research, 217(3), 220–225.CrossRefPubMed

Ganzach, Y., & Karsahi, N. (1995). Message framing and buyer behaviour: a field experiment. Journal of Business Research, 32, 11–17.CrossRef

Hochman, G., & Yechiam, E. (2011). Loss aversion in the eye and in the heart: the autonomic nervous system’s responses to losses. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 24, 140–156.CrossRef

Isen, A. M., & Geva, N. (1987). The influence of positive affect on acceptable level of risk and thoughts about losing: the person with a large canoe has a large worry. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 39, 145–154.CrossRef

Isen, A. M., Nygren, T. E., & Ashby, F. G. (1988). Influence of positive affect on the subjective utility of gains and losses: it is just not worth the risk. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 710–717.CrossRefPubMed

Ladouceur, R., & Sevigny, S. (2003). Interactive messages on video lottery terminals and persistence in gambling. Gambling Research, 15, 45–50.

Ladouceur, R., Sylvain, C., Boutin, C., Lachance, S., Doucet, C., Leblond, J., et al. (2001). Cognitive treatment of pathological gambling. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 189, 774–780.CrossRefPubMed

LeDoux, J. E. (2000). Emotion circuits in the brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 23, 155–184.CrossRefPubMed

Leith, K. P., & Baumeister, R. F. (1996). Why do bad moods increase self-defeating behaviour? Emotion, risk taking, and self-regulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(6), 1250–1267.CrossRefPubMed

Monaghan, S. (2009). Responsible gambling strategies for internet gambling: the theoretical and empirical base of using pop-up messages to encourage self-awareness. Computers in Human Behaviour, 25, 202–207.CrossRef

Monaghan, S., & Blaszczynski, A. (2007). Recall of electronic gaming machine signs: a static versus a dynamic mode of presentation. Journal of Gambling Issues, 20, 253–268.CrossRef

Monaghan, S., & Blaszczynski, A. (2010). Impact of mode of display and message content of responsible gambling signs for electronic gaming machines on regular gamblers. Journal of Gambling Studies, 26(1), 67–88.CrossRefPubMed

Orford, J. (2001). Excessive appetites: A psychological view of addictions (2nd ed.). Chichester: Wiley.

Parke, J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2007). The role of structural characteristics in gambling. Research and Measurement Issues in Gambling Studies, 211–243.

Parke, J., & Parke, A. (2013). Does size really matter? A review of the role of stake a prize levels in relation to gambling-related harm. The Journal of Gambling Business and Economics, 7(3), 77–110.

Reed, H. (2013). The economic impact of fixed odds betting terminals. Retrieved September 15, 2013, from http://www.landman-economics.co.uk/Research.html.

Responsible Gambling Strategy Board. (2013). RGSB advice to the Commission on the triennial review consultation. Retreived August 22, 2013, from http://www.rgsb.org.uk/publications.html.

Speir, C., Valacich, J. S., & Vessey, I. (1997). The effects of task interruption and information presentation on individual decision making. In Proceedings of the eighteenth international conference on information systems (pp. 21–36). New York: Association of Computing Machinery.

Steenberg, T. A., Wheelan, J. P., Meyers, A. W., May, R. K., & Floyd, K. (2004). Impact of warning and brief intervention messages on knowledge of gambling risk, irrational beliefs and behaviour. International Gambling Studies, 4, 3–16.CrossRef

The Guardian. (2013). Roulette machines: The crack cocaine of gambling. Retrieved February 5, 2014, from http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/may/27/roulette-machines-crack-cocaine-gambling.

Vaish, A., Grossmann, T., & Woodward, A. (2008). Not all emotions are created equal: the negativity bias in early social-emotional development. Psychological Bulletin, 134, 383–403.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Williams, J. M., Tonymon, P., & Anderson, M. B. (1990). Effects of life-event stress on anxiety and peripheral narrowing. Behavioural Medicine, 174–184.

Yechiam, E., & Hochman, G. (2013). Losses as modulators of attention: review and analysis of the unique effects of losses over gains. Psychological Bulletin, 139(2), 497–518.CrossRefPubMed

Yerkes, R. M., & Dodson, J. D. (1908). The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit information. Journal of Comparative Neurology of Psychology, 18, 459–482.CrossRef

Title: The Interaction of Gambling Outcome and Gambling Harm-Minimisation Strategies for Electronic Gambling: the Efficacy of Computer Generated Self-Appraisal Messaging
Authors: Andrew Harris
Adrian Parke
Publication date: 01-08-2016
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction / Issue 4/2016
Print ISSN: 1557-1874
Electronic ISSN: 1557-1882
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-015-9581-y

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

The Interaction of Gambling Outcome and Gambling Harm-Minimisation Strategies for Electronic Gambling: the Efficacy of Computer Generated Self-Appraisal Messaging

Abstract

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 4/2016

A Comparative Exploration of Community Pharmacists’ Views on the Nature and Management of Over-the-Counter (OTC) and Prescription Codeine Misuse in Three Regulatory Regimes: Ireland, South Africa and the United Kingdom

Translation and Validation of the Caffeine Expectancy Questionnaire (CaffEQ)

The Role of Planning in Naturalistic Quitting Success Among People with Severe Mental Illness

A Self-Help Manual for Problem Gamblers: the Impact of Minimal Therapist Guidance on Outcome

rTMS for the Treatment of Depression: a Comprehensive Review of Effective Protocols on Right DLPFC

Prevalence of Psychiatric Symptoms and Mental Health Services in Students with Specific Learning Disabilities in Tehran, Iran