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Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders

Published in:

01-06-2021 | Insulins

Modelling gestational diabetes mellitus: large animals hold great promise

Authors: Xiang Gao, Junsheng He, Anming Zhu, Kang Xie, Kaixuan Yan, Xue Jiang, Ying Xu, Qin Li, Aimin Xu, Dewei Ye, Jiao Guo

Published in: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders | Issue 2/2021

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) characterized by hyperglycemia during pregnancy is a risk factor for various maternal and fetal complications. The key pathophysiological mechanisms underlying its development have not been elucidated, largely due to the lack of a model that accurately simulates the major clinical and pathological features of human GDM. In this review, we discuss the refined criteria for an ideal animal model of GDM, focusing on the key clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of human GDM. We provide a comprehensive overview of different models and currently used species for GDM research. In general, insulin insufficiency consequent to pancreatic β-cell death represents the current leading strategy to mimic human GDM-like hyperglycemia in animals. Nonetheless, these models have a limited capacity to mimic the natural history of GDM, the marked alteration in circulating estrogen/ progestogen, obesity and its related metabolic complications. We discuss emerging evidence of the increased susceptibility to GDM in rodents and large animals with genetic modifications in pregnancy-related hormones. An appraisal of current GDM models suggests that a combination strategy involving dietary stress, pregnancy-related hormones, insulin resistance and metabolic disorders might enable the development of better GDM models and expedite the translation of basic research findings to GDM treatment.

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Title: Modelling gestational diabetes mellitus: large animals hold great promise
Authors: Xiang Gao
Junsheng He
Anming Zhu
Kang Xie
Kaixuan Yan
Xue Jiang
Ying Xu
Qin Li
Aimin Xu
Dewei Ye
Jiao Guo
Publication date: 01-06-2021
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Insulins
Gestational Diabetes
Gestational Diabetes
Hyperglycemia
Insulins
Published in: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders / Issue 2/2021
Print ISSN: 1389-9155
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2606
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-020-09617-x

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Modelling gestational diabetes mellitus: large animals hold great promise

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Abstract

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