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Angiogenesis
Published in: Angiogenesis 2/2014

01-04-2014 | Original Paper

Src contributes to IL6-induced vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression in lymphatic endothelial cells

Authors: Yu-Han Huang, Hung-Yu Yang, Ya-Fen Hsu, Pei-Ting Chiu, George Ou, Ming-Jen Hsu

Published in: Angiogenesis | Issue 2/2014

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Abstract

Formation of lymphatic capillaries by lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) occurs both in normal tissues as well as in pathological processes including tumor metastasis. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine, has been shown to be highly elevated in various cancers. IL-6 has also been shown to increase tumor lymphangiogenesis through vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) induction in tumor cells. Although lymphangiogenesis is associated with lymph node metastasis and also resistance to conventional therapy in various cancers, the precise mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis in LECs remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the signaling cascade involved in IL-6-induced VEGF-C expression in murine LECs (SV-LEC). The VEGF-C mRNA and protein levels were increased in SV-LECs exposed to IL-6. IL-6 time-dependently induced Src phosphorylation and downstream phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38MAPK. In contrast, PP2, an inhibitor of Src signaling, abrogated IL-6′s effects on ERK1/2 and p38MAPK phosphorylation. IL-6 exposure also led to increase in VEGF-C promoter-luciferase activity as well as C/EBPβ- and κB-luciferase activities. VEGF-C promoter-, C/EBPβ- and κB-luciferase activities were all suppressed by Src, ERK1/2 or p38MAPK signaling blockades despite presence of IL-6. Finally, C/EBPβ and p65 binding to the VEGF-C promoter region were increased after IL-6 exposure in SV-LECs. Taken together, we report a Src-mediated ERK1/2 and p38MAPK activation resulting in C/EBPβ and p65 binding to the promoter region of VEGF-C, leading to VEGF-C expression in IL-6-exposed SV-LECs.
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Metadata
Title
Src contributes to IL6-induced vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression in lymphatic endothelial cells
Authors
Yu-Han Huang
Hung-Yu Yang
Ya-Fen Hsu
Pei-Ting Chiu
George Ou
Ming-Jen Hsu
Publication date
01-04-2014
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Angiogenesis / Issue 2/2014
Print ISSN: 0969-6970
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7209
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10456-013-9386-1

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