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01-09-2013 | Original Article

Adipose tissue behavior is distinctly regulated by neighboring cells and fluid flow stress: a possible role of adipose tissue in peritoneal fibrosis

Authors: Shigehisa Aoki, Kazuma Udo, Hiroyuki Morimoto, Satoshi Ikeda, Toshiaki Takezawa, Kazuyoshi Uchihashi, Aki Nishijima-Matsunobu, Mitsuru Noguchi, Hajime Sugihara, Shuji Toda

Published in: Journal of Artificial Organs | Issue 3/2013

Abstract

Adipose tissue, together with the mesothelial layer and microvessels, is a major component of the mesenteric peritoneum, and the mesenterium is a target site for peritoneal fibrosis. Adipose tissue has been speculated to play a role in peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related fibrosis, but the precise cellular kinetics of adipose tissue during this process remain to be determined. To clarify this critical issue, we analyzed the kinetics of adipose tissue using a novel peritoneal reconstruction model in which the effects of mesothelial cells or endothelial cells could be identified. Adipose tissue was co-cultured with mesothelial cells or endothelial cells in a combined organ culture and fluid flow stress culture system. Spindle mesenchymal cells and immature adipocytes derived from adipose tissue were characterized by immunohistochemistry. Adipose tissue fragments cultured in this system yielded many spindle mesenchymal cells in non-co-culture conditions. However, the number of spindle mesenchymal cells emerging from adipose tissue was reduced in co-culture conditions with a covering layer of mesothelial cells. Mesothelial cells co-cultured in the separated condition did not inhibit the emergence of spindle mesenchymal cells from adipose tissue. Interestingly, endothelial cells promoted the emergence of lipid-laden immature adipocytes from adipose tissue under fluid flow stress. We have demonstrated that adipose tissue behavior is not only regulated by mesothelial cells and endothelial cells under fluid flow stress, but is also involved in fibrosis and fat mass production in the peritoneum. Our findings suggest that adipose tissue is a potential source of cells for peritoneal fibrosis caused by PD therapy.

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Title: Adipose tissue behavior is distinctly regulated by neighboring cells and fluid flow stress: a possible role of adipose tissue in peritoneal fibrosis
Authors: Shigehisa Aoki
Kazuma Udo
Hiroyuki Morimoto
Satoshi Ikeda
Toshiaki Takezawa
Kazuyoshi Uchihashi
Aki Nishijima-Matsunobu
Mitsuru Noguchi
Hajime Sugihara
Shuji Toda
Publication date: 01-09-2013
Publisher: Springer Japan
Published in: Journal of Artificial Organs / Issue 3/2013
Print ISSN: 1434-7229
Electronic ISSN: 1619-0904
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10047-013-0702-8

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Adipose tissue behavior is distinctly regulated by neighboring cells and fluid flow stress: a possible role of adipose tissue in peritoneal fibrosis

Abstract

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