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01-10-2020 | Arterial Occlusive Disease | Review

The role of interferon-γ in cardiovascular disease: an update

Authors: Ailin Elyasi, Iryna Voloshyna, Saba Ahmed, Lora J. Kasselman, Jennifer Behbodikhah, Joshua De Leon, Allison B. Reiss

Published in: Inflammation Research | Issue 10/2020

Abstract

Purpose

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death, globally, and its prevalence is only expected to rise due to the increasing incidence of co-morbidities such as obesity and diabetes. Medical treatment of CVD is directed primarily at slowing or reversing the underlying atherosclerotic process by managing circulating lipids with an emphasis on control of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. However, over the past several decades, there has been increasing recognition that chronic inflammation and immune system activation are important contributors to atherosclerosis. This shift in focus has led to the elucidation of the complex interplay between cholesterol and cellular secretion of cytokines involved in CVD pathogenesis. Of the vast array of cytokine promoting atherosclerosis, interferon (IFN)-γ is highly implicated and, therefore, of great interest.

Methods

Literature review was performed to further understand the effect of IFN-γ on the development of atherosclerotic CVD.

Results

IFN-γ, the sole member of the type II IFN family, is produced by T cells and macrophages, and has been found to induce production of other cytokines and to have multiple effects on all stages of atherogenesis. IFN-γ activates a variety of signaling pathways, most commonly the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway, to induce oxidative stress, promote foam cell accumulation, stimulate smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration into the arterial intima, enhance platelet-derived growth factor expression, and destabilize plaque. These are just a few of the contributions of IFN-γ to the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic CVD.

Conclusion

Given the pivotal role of IFN-γ in the advancement of CVD, activation of its signaling pathways is being explored as a driver of atherosclerosis. Manipulation of this key cytokine may lead to novel therapeutic avenues for CVD prevention and treatment. A number of therapies are being explored with IFN-γ as the potential target.

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Title: The role of interferon-γ in cardiovascular disease: an update
Authors: Ailin Elyasi
Iryna Voloshyna
Saba Ahmed
Lora J. Kasselman
Jennifer Behbodikhah
Joshua De Leon
Allison B. Reiss
Publication date: 01-10-2020
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Keywords: Arterial Occlusive Disease
Cytokines
Interferon
Published in: Inflammation Research / Issue 10/2020
Print ISSN: 1023-3830
Electronic ISSN: 1420-908X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-020-01382-6

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The role of interferon-γ in cardiovascular disease: an update

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ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

Incentivised to exercise

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

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