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Current Infectious Disease Reports
Published in: Current Infectious Disease Reports 5/2019

01-05-2019 | Malaria | Tropical, Travel, and Emerging Infections (L Chen and A Boggild, Section Editors)

Health Considerations for HIV-Infected International Travelers

Authors: Daniel L. Bourque, Daniel A. Solomon, Paul E. Sax

Published in: Current Infectious Disease Reports | Issue 5/2019

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Abstract

Purpose of the Review

International travel continues to steadily increase, including leisure travel, travel to one’s country of origin to visit friends and relatives, travel for service work, and business travel. Travelers with HIV may have an increased risk for travel-associated infections. The pre-travel medical consultation is an important means of assessing one’s risk for travel-related health issues. The aim of this review is to provide an update on key health considerations for the HIV-infected traveler.

Recent Findings

Like all travelers, the HIV-infected traveler should adhere to behavioral precautions, including safety measures with food and water consumption, safe sexual practices, and arthropod bite avoidance. HIV is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism and patients should be educated regarding this risk. Most pre-travel vaccines are safe and immunogenic in HIV-infected individuals, though live vaccines should be avoided in patients with low CD4 counts. Malaria chemoprophylaxis is strongly recommended in patients with HIV traveling to endemic areas and no significant interactions exist between the commonly used prophylactic anti-malarial agents and anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Travelers with HIV, particularly those who are not on ART or who have low CD4 cell counts, may have increased risk for tuberculosis, malaria, enteric infections, visceral leishmaniasis, American trypanosomiasis, and endemic mycoses such as histoplasmosis, talaromycosis, and coccidioidomycosis.

Summary

The immune status of the HIV-infected traveler should be assessed prior to travel along with the duration, itinerary, and activities planned during travel in order to carefully consider individual risk for travel-related health issues.
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Metadata
Title
Health Considerations for HIV-Infected International Travelers
Authors
Daniel L. Bourque
Daniel A. Solomon
Paul E. Sax
Publication date
01-05-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Infectious Disease Reports / Issue 5/2019
Print ISSN: 1523-3847
Electronic ISSN: 1534-3146
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-019-0672-y
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

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Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

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Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
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