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Cancer and Metastasis Reviews
Published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews 1/2016

Open Access 01-03-2016

Progression and metastasis of lung cancer

Author: Helmut H. Popper

Published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Metastasis in lung cancer is a multifaceted process. In this review, we will dissect the process in several isolated steps such as angiogenesis, hypoxia, circulation, and establishment of a metastatic focus. In reality, several of these processes overlap and occur even simultaneously, but such a presentation would be unreadable. Metastasis requires cell migration toward higher oxygen tension, which is based on changing the structure of the cell (epithelial-mesenchymal transition), orientation within the stroma and stroma interaction, and communication with the immune system to avoid attack. Once in the blood stream, cells have to survive trapping by the coagulation system, to survive shear stress in small blood vessels, and to find the right location for extravasation. Once outside in the metastatic locus, tumor cells have to learn the communication with the “foreign” stroma cells to establish vascular supply and again express molecules, which induce immune tolerance.
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Metadata
Title
Progression and metastasis of lung cancer
Author
Helmut H. Popper
Publication date
01-03-2016
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Cancer and Metastasis Reviews / Issue 1/2016
Print ISSN: 0167-7659
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7233
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-016-9618-0

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