Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) result from single gene mutations that alter the expression of immune molecules, leading to impaired or dysregulated immune function. The clinical hallmark of these disorders is recurrent infections, but they can …
Authors:
Hong-Qiang Du, Xiao-Dong Zhao
Open Access
07-05-2024 | Vaccination | Original Article
Common symptoms in children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection include fever, cough, sore throat, fatigue, vomiting, and diarrhea [ 1 , 2 ]. Previous studies have reported that children infected with early …
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is a sudden, unexpected death of a healthy infant under the age of one with no specific cause of death identified by autopsy or other means [ 1 ]. Previously, before 1990, deaths from unknown causes in infants …
Authors:
Tae Hyeon Kim, Hyeri Lee, Selin Woo, Hayeon Lee, Jaeyu Park, Guillaume Fond, Laurent Boyer, Jong Woo Hahn, Jiseung Kang, Dong Keon Yon
In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak a global pandemic [ 1 ], affecting millions of people worldwide. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 …
Authors:
Lieke C. E. Noij, Jelle M. Blankestijn, Coen R. Lap, Marlies A. van Houten, Giske Biesbroek, Anke-Hilse Maitland-van der Zee, Mahmoud I. Abdel-Aziz, Johannes B. van Goudoever, Mattijs W. Alsem, Caroline L. H. Brackel, Kim J. Oostrom, Simone Hashimoto, Suzanne W. J. Terheggen-Lagro
Sturge–Weber syndrome (SWS) is a congenital neurocutaneous disorder characterized by capillary malformations (CMs) affecting the skin, as well as intracranial and ocular vasculature [ 1 ]. CMs are a common finding in newborns, with an estimated …
Authors:
Emilie Dingenen, Damien Segers, Hannelore De Maeseneer, Dirk Van Gysel
Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is a common type of orthostatic intolerance in the pediatric population [ 1 ]. Although the prognosis is regarded as benign, injuries associated with syncope may occur in 33% of patients with VVS [ 2 ]. Recurrent syncope may …
Authors:
Xiao-Juan Du, Ya-Qian Huang, Xue-Ying Li, Ying Liao, Hong-Fang Jin, Jun-Bao Du
Open Access
13-04-2024 | CSF Drainage | Original Article
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants occurs when a germinal matrix hemorrhage ruptures into the lateral ventricle through the ependyma [ 1 ]. Grades 3 and 4 (G3 and G4) IVH increase the risk of long-term neurologic and …
Authors:
Joonsik Park, Sook-Hyun Park, Yu-ra Kwon, So Jin Yoon, Joo Hee Lim, Jung Ho Han, Jeong Eun Shin, Ho Seon Eun, Min Soo Park, Soon Min Lee
Infants with Robin sequence (RS) suffer from respiratory and feeding difficulties, both related to their retro-positioned or underdeveloped mandible. Treatment protocols vary widely in RS, ranging from non-surgical (e.g., prone positioning …
Authors:
Cornelia Wiechers, Julian Sowula, Karen Kreutzer, Christoph E. Schwarz, Christina Weismann, Michael Krimmel, Christian F. Poets, Bernd Koos
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social impairment and restricted repetitive behaviors [ 1 ]. ASD is considered to be associated with genetic and environmental risk factors [ 2 ]. The …
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for an important mortality rate in the world [ 1 ]. To date, deaths related to SARS-CoV-2 infection have occurred in more than 6 million people worldwide [ 2 ]. In the …
Authors:
Marguerite Lockhart-Bouron, Noémie Vanel, Michael Levy, Anaïs R. Briant, Etienne Javouhey, Sophie Breinig, Julia Dina, Marion Caseris, François Angoulvant, Stéphane Leteurtre, Morgan Recher, David W. Brossier
Methylmalonic acidemia (also aciduria) (MMA) [international classification of diseases (ICD) 10: E71.1, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 251000, mut(0) type], first described as an inborn metabolism error in the year 1967 [ 1 , 2 ], is a …
Authors:
Zhi-Xing Zhu, Georgi Z. Genchev, Yan-Min Wang, Wei Ji, Yong-Yong Ren, Guo-Li Tian, Sira Sriswasdi, Hui Lu
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as one of the most prevalent chronic conditions among children [ 1 , 2 ]. It can progress to severe liver diseases, including steatohepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and even cancer [ 3 ]. Alanine …
Authors:
Zhao-Yuan Wu, Si-Wei Chi, Liu-Jian Ouyang, Xiao-Qin Xu, Jing-Nan Chen, Bing-Han Jin, Rahim Ullah, Xue-Lian Zhou, Ke Huang, Guan-Ping Dong, Zhe-Ming Li, Ying Shen, Jie Shao, Yan Ni, Jun-Fen Fu, Qiang Shu, Wei Wu
Open Access
17-02-2024 | Diarrhea | Original Article
Diarrhea is a common complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), occurring in 43% to 91% of patients, and is associated with substantial morbidity [ 1 – 3 ]. Etiologies of diarrhea in this population include infectious causes …
Authors:
Yue Tao, Cheng-Juan Luo, Bing-Hua Zhang, Xin-Yan Shen, Rui-Ke Zhao, Bei-Ying Ma, Nan Shen, Chang-Ying Luo, Jian-Min Wang, Yi-Jun Xia, Li Xie, Jing Chen, Xi Mo
Premature birth, the birth of a baby at less than 37 weeks gestational age (GA), is common and affects 6%–14% of pregnancies [ 1 ]. Approximately 15 million premature neonates are born annually worldwide [ 2 ]. The survival rate of premature …
Authors:
Hye Mi Lee, Jeongmin Shin, Sae Yun Kim, So Young Kim
Birth defects are defined as anomalies of body structure or function that occur during intrauterine development, which may be identified before or at birth, or later in life [ 1 ]. Globally, it is estimated that 6% of babies are born with a birth …
Authors:
Liang-Yu Kang, Zi-Rui Guo, Wei-Jing Shang, Gui-Ying Cao, Yi-Ping Zhang, Qiao-Mei Wang, Hai-Ping Shen, Wan-Nian Liang, Min Liu
Open Access
05-02-2024 | Uveitis | Original Article
Behçet’s syndrome (BS) is a chronic systemic vasculitis characterized by mucocutaneous and ocular tissue involvement, as well as potential major organ damage affecting the vascular, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, articular, and neurological systems …
Authors:
Dan Hu, Chun-Hui She, Hua-Fang Bao, Jun Zou, Jian-Fei Cai, Jing‑Fen Ye, Yan Shen, Hai‑Fen Ma, Dan Luo, Jian-Long Guan
Respiratory diseases such as infections and allergic asthma are major causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates and children [ 1 – 3 ]. Acute respiratory tract infections, especially those involving the upper airways, are the most common …
Authors:
Dimitra E. Zazara, Olympia Giannou, Steven Schepanski, Mirja Pagenkemper, Anastasios D. Giannou, Maike Pincus, Ioannis Belios, Stefan Bonn, Ania C. Muntau, Kurt Hecher, Anke Diemert, Petra Clara Arck
ECMO significantly improves survival rates in severely ill neonates, but is associated with long-term neurodevelopmental issues. Explore the incidence of and risk factors for motor deficits, cognitive impairments, sensory impairments, and developmental delays.
