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Current HIV/AIDS Reports
Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports 3/2019

01-06-2019 | Human Immunodeficiency Virus | HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (AL Landay and NS Utay, Section Editors)

Pathogenic Role of Type I Interferons in HIV-Induced Immune Impairments in Humanized Mice

Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports | Issue 3/2019

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent findings on the critical pathogenic role of type 1 interferons (IFN-I) in HIV-1 persistence in humanized mice suggest that inhibiting IFN-I signaling transiently will reverse HIV-induced inflammatory diseases and rescue anti-HIV immunity to control HIV-1 reservoirs.

Recent Findings

In both humanized mice and in monkeys, IFN-I signaling is functionally defined to play an important role in suppressing early HIV-1 and SIV infection. During persistent infection in humanized mice, however, IFN-I signaling is revealed to induce T cell depletion and impairment. Interestingly, in HIV-infected mice with effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), blocking IFN-I signaling reverses HIV-induced inflammation, rescues anti-HIV T cells, and reduces HIV-1 reservoirs.

Summary

These findings functionally define the role of IFN-I in HIV-1 reservoir persistence and suggest that blocking IFN-I signaling will provide a novel therapeutic strategy to (i) reverse inflammation-associated diseases in HIV patients under cART, (ii) rescue host anti-HIV immunity, and (iii) reduce or control HIV-1 reservoirs.
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Metadata
Title
Pathogenic Role of Type I Interferons in HIV-Induced Immune Impairments in Humanized Mice
Publication date
01-06-2019
Published in
Current HIV/AIDS Reports / Issue 3/2019
Print ISSN: 1548-3568
Electronic ISSN: 1548-3576
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-019-00444-7

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