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Current HIV/AIDS Reports
Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports 2/2018

Open Access 01-04-2018 | The Science of Prevention (JD Stekler and J Baeten, Section Editors)

Genetic Cluster Analysis for HIV Prevention

Authors: Mary Kate Grabowski, Joshua T. Herbeck, Art F. Y. Poon

Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports | Issue 2/2018

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review summarizes the use of genetic similarity clusters to understand HIV transmission and inform prevention efforts.

Recent Findings

Recent emphases include the development of real-time cluster identification in order to interrupt transmission chains, the use of clusters to estimate rates of transmission along the HIV care cascade, and the extension of cluster analyses to understand transmission in the generalized epidemics of sub-Saharan Africa. Importantly, this recent empirical work has been accompanied by theoretical work that elucidates the processes that underlie HIV genetic similarity clusters; multiple studies suggest that clusters are not necessarily enriched with individuals with high transmission rates, but rather can reflect variation in sampling times within a population, with individuals sampled early in infection more likely to cluster.

Summary

Analyses of genetic similarity clusters have great promise to inform HIV epidemiology and prevention. Future emphases should include the collection of additional sequence data from underrepresented populations, such as those in sub-Saharan Africa, and further development and evaluation of clustering methods.
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Metadata
Title
Genetic Cluster Analysis for HIV Prevention
Authors
Mary Kate Grabowski
Joshua T. Herbeck
Art F. Y. Poon
Publication date
01-04-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current HIV/AIDS Reports / Issue 2/2018
Print ISSN: 1548-3568
Electronic ISSN: 1548-3576
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-018-0384-1

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